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level: Level 3 (Injection safety and needle-stick injury management)

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 3 (Injection safety and needle-stick injury management)

QuestionAnswer
Many studies have shown that bloodborne pathogens – including __, and other life-threatening bacterial infections – have spread due to unsafe injection practices.1 Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 2 Hepatitis B (HBV) 3 Hepatitis C (HCV)
The most common reason for an unsafe injection is the __1) re-use of injection equipment. -The same syringe and/or needle are used for more than one patient. -The same syringe and/or needle are used to withdraw medication multiple times from a medication container (e.g., vial, IV bags, pen injector cartridges). -The same syringe is used with a new needle.
Unsafe Injection Practices and Disease Transmission1 new needle and syringe are used to draw medication. 2 When the needle is used on an HCV-infected patient, backflow from the injection contaminates the syringe. Changing the needle does not prevent contamination of the syringe. 3 When re-used to obtain medication, the contaminated syringe can contaminate the medication vial. 4 If the contaminated vial is used for other patients, they can become infected with HCV. (Although this example uses HCV, these same principles apply to other bloodborne pathogens.)
During medication preparation, there are MULTIPLE STEPS THAT CAN BE PRONE TO ERROR or CAUSE CONTAMINATION OF THE VIAL OR SYRINGE. Such examples include:1 medication TRAY OR CART/TROLLEY have MORE THAN ONE INJECTION for different patients; 2 health care worker PICK UP WRONG SYRINGE OR MEDICATION VIAL for a patient if it is mislabeled or not labelled at all; 3 if injections NOT PREPARED WITH GOOD STERILE TECHNIQUE (for example they can become contaminated from a dirty environment, like the medication tray); 4 COTTON BALLS used for disinfecting should not be PRESOAKED; nor should presoaked cotton balls or swabs be stored in containers.
Safe injection practices: Equipment Before using the equipment, always inspect the packaging. Discard it if you find that the packaging has been compromised in any way. Check for __punctures, tears, or moisture, expiration date as well.
7 steps to safe injection1 A clean workspace 2 Hand Hygiene 3 Sterile, safety-engineered syringe 4 Sterile medication vial and diluent 5 Disinfecting Skin 6 Appropriate sharps disposal 7 Appropriate waste management