141 Tikanga Principles
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141 Tikanga Principles - Leaderboard
141 Tikanga Principles - Details
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| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| Mana | Prestige, power, authority |
| Mana atua | Connection to gods |
| Mana tangata | Prestige acquired over time through work and contributions |
| Mana whenua | Mana that derives from land, directly related to whakapapa/ancestors |
| Manaakitanga | To extend love/aroha to someone; secures the strength of whanau relationships |
| Tapu | Sacred, prohibited, restricted, under the protection of autual spiritual/supernatural; to disregard can result in disaster and spiritual sanction (something bad happening to you) |
| Wahi tapu | A sacred site, may be protected by a Rahui prohbition |
| Noa | The opposite of tapu, a state of normalcy, to get from tapu to noa, one can pray/karakia, eat, use water? |
| Whanaungatanga | Connection to one's whanau/hapu/iwi, kin relationships that sustain identity and entrench responsibilities |
| Values in a powhiri | Tapu/noa whanaugnatanga mana utu |
| Tapu/noa in a powhiri setting | Reducing the tapu between manuhiri and tangata whenua karanga (addressing each other and the ancestors) removing tapu food and drink at the end of the process (wharenui - the main room where guests are greeted - is tapu) karanga removing at the marae atea to enable safe passage of manuhiri |
| Manuhiri | Visitors |
| Tangata whenua | People of the land |
| Karanga | The start of the powphiri an exchange of calls that takes place during the time a visiting group moves onto the marae |
| Whanaungatanga in a powphiri setting | Deceased are acknowledged in the karanga, whanau are cited throughout wharenui is usually a revered ancestor |
| Mana in a powhiri setting | Something people strive for, representative of status mana of manuhiri reflected in powhiri power, prestige, and authority |
| Utu in a powhiri setting | Iwi/hapu/whanau will show reciprocity bring koha equal numbers of speakers between manuhiri and tangata whenua |
| Principles in tangihanga | Whakapapa whanaungatanga ahi kaa |
| Whakapapa in a tangihanga setting | Group identity, whakapapa connection to ancestors and the land mana whenua - the people of that area of land returning to the land that sustained them |
| Whanaungatanga in a tangihanga setting | Maintaining relationships with kin and those you are a whakapapa connection to people coming together to strengthen those ties |
| Ahi kaa | "keeping the home fires burning" having a connection to the land and preserving the mana whenua |
| Priniples relevant to the environment | Kaitiakitanga whakapapa mana tapu rahui |
| Kaitiakitanga in relation to the environment | Being a guardian and protector of the environment |
| Whakapapa in relation to the environment | Relations to the natural world papatuanuku earth mother right to protect the land we belong to |
| Mana | Mana is diminished when kaitiaki (the guardian) fails in duty results in spirital sanction |
| Tapu | When an area is in a state of tapu (for conservation purposes/result of death) Rahui prohibitions around the area to protect its tapu status |
| Rahuia | Temporary ritual prohibition to restrict access to environment a breach of rahui is a breach of tapu has legal backing under s 186 Fisheries Act |
| Legal system principles | Utu mana aroha manaaakitanga |
| Rutu in relation to legal principles | Where there is an imbalance in social relations victims lose their mana because the offender has more power restoration of the victim's mana through koha, giving money/food to support an affected whanau when they are suffering/lost someone restoration - muru: taking of the offender's personal property to restore the imbalance |
| Muru | Taking an offender's belongings to restore imbalance and the mana of the victim |
| Losing mana in the legal context | A victim loses mana for being the weaker individual |
| Aroha in the legal context or in the context of offence | Demonstrating love for the affected whanau (can be through utu, koha, love and compassion to remedy the wrong) |
| Manaakitanga in the legal context | Taking care of someone you have wronged through utu and aroha balancing an unbalanced and wronged situation |