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Chapter 25,33,40


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Tyresha Warren


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[Front]


loss
[Back]


when any aspect of self is no longer available to a person

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Chapter 25,33,40 - Details

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🇬🇧🇬🇧
Loss
When any aspect of self is no longer available to a person
Death
Cessation of life
Greif
Is a pattern of physical and emotional responses yo bereavement separation or loss
Grief work
The process of adapting to and mourning a loss
Mortality
The condition of being subject to death
Grief therapy
Mental health treatment aimed at helping a patient deal with the pain of loss; a program that assist the bereaved to cope with a loss
Maturational loss
A loss that results from a normal life transition
Situational loss
A loss that occurs suddenly in response to a specific external event, such as the sudden death of a loved one
Bereavement
Is defined as the common depressed reaction to the death of a loved one
Morbidity
(an illness or an abnormal condition) physical, and mental
Anticipatory grief
To expect, to wait, or prepare for the loss of a family member or significant other
Bereavement overload
Before an initial loss is resolved, it is compounded by an additional loss
Thanatology
The study of dying and death
Unresolved grief
Signifies some disturbance of the normal progression toward resolution
Complicated greif
Unresolved grief or complicated mourning
Dysfunctional grieving
Is a delayed or exaggerated response to a perceived, actual, or potential loss
Euthanasia
Is sometimes active, a deliberate action taken with the purpose of shortening life to end suffering or to carry out the wishes of a terminally ill patient
Do-not resuscitate
DNR; only not to resuscitate
Allow natural death
That one is going to die and forgoes aggressive treatment
Living will
A legal document drawn up by a person who is not yet near death detailing how much medical care he or she wants to receive if terminally ill
Durable power of attorney
A signed notarized document that appoints another person to make decisions in the event of the patients incompetence; usually completed by the patient while still able to function
Advanced directives
Are signed and witnessed documents that provide specific instructions for healthcare treatment if a person is unable to make these decisions personally at the time they are needed
Palliative care
The prevention, relief, reduction, or soothing of symptoms of disease or disorders without affecting a cure
Inquest
Is a legal inquiry into the cause or the manner of a death
Autopsy
Examination performed after a persons death to confirm or determine the cause of death
Postmortem care
Care for the patients body after death
Mortician
Person trained in the care of the dead
Chronologic age
Age of an individual expressed as time elapsed since birth ; may not be an accurate predictor of health or behavior
Baby boomers
Born between 1946 and 1964, more than 70 million people; approximately 29% of the nation
Ageism
Is a term that describes prejudice against older adults
Sandwich generation
These are the individuals who are faced with caring for their parents while also caring for their own children
Respite care
Refers to the provision of care by nonfamily members with a goal of allowing the primary caregivers the opportunity for relief from the stressors or strains imposed by caring for an ill or debilitated family members
Pruritus
Older people may report dryness and itching of the skin
Shearing forces
Forces that can injure small blood vessels by sliding on a rough surface
Dysphagia
Difficulty swallowing
Nocturia
Urination at night
Orthostatic hypotension
Significant change in bp during position changes; lying, sitting, standing
Claudication
Cramping pain in the calves
Kyphosis
Is an abnormal curve in the upper spine sometimes called "dowager's hump"
Presbyopia
Farsightedness resulting from a loss of elasticity of the lens of the eye
Presbycusis
Is a sensorineural hearing loss and the most common form of loss in older adults
Senility
The state of mental and physical deterioration associated with aging
Dementia
A progressive impairment of intellectual (cognitive) function
Akinesia
An abnormal state of motor and psychic hypoactive
Ataxia
Impaired ability to coordinate movement, and drop attacks, falling without loosing consciousness
Hemiplegia
Paralysis on one side of the body
Dysarthria
Difficult, poorly articulated speech, resulting in interference in the control over the muscles of speech
Aphasia
And abnormal neurologic condition in which language function is defective or absent because of an injury to certain areas of the cerebral cortex
Terminal illness
A disease in an advanced stage with no known cure and poor prognosis
Palliative care
Preventing, relieving, reducing, or soothing symptoms of disease or disorders without effecting a cure; extends the principles of hospice care to a broader population that could benefit from comfort care earlier in their illness or disease process
Curative treatment
Is an aggressive care in which the goal and intent are curing the disease and prolonging life at all cost
Primary caregiver
A person who assumes ongoing responsibility for health maintenance and therapy for illness
Holistic
Pertaining to the total patient care in which the physical, emotional, social, economic, and spiritual needs of the patient are considered
Interdisciplinary team
A multiprofessional health team who's members work together in caring for a terminally ill patient
Psychosocial
A combination of psychological and social factors
Respite care
A period pf relief from responsibilities of caring for a patient
Bereavement
Is a period of mourning or an expression of grief in reaction to the death of someone close
Pain assessment
Evaluation of the factors that alleviate or exacerbate a patients pain
Adjuvant
Additional drug or treatment that is added to assist in the action of the primary treatment
Titrated
Slowly increased to the level at which the drug is therapeutic
What does coping mechanisms determine
A persons ability to face and accept loss
Life is a series of
Losses and gains
What is another way to look at loss
Classify it as maturational, situational, or both
Example of maturational loss
Loss of childhood dreams, loss when adolescence romance fails, menopause, loss of hair or teeth
Example of situational loss
Loss of job can lead to loss of self-esteem,
What does situational loss promote
Emotional growth and the development of coping skills; used later in life to cope with even more significant losses
How can earlier experience with loss prepare an individual
To deal with loss throughout the life cycle
Define grief
The subjective response to actual or anticipated loss; a natural, normal and universal part of human experience
Morning patterns include
Funerals, wakes, memorials, black dress, and defined time of social withdrawal
Greif involves
Thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
When is morbidity often seen
After significant losses; divorce, loss of a child or parent
Grief can go on forever or
Can lead to resolution of the hurt and the reestablishment of ones life
Many years after a loss you can be reminded of the loss with things as simple as
Smells, places, foods, dates, holidays, clothing, or other people
Unresolved grief can result if
The tasks are not completed and can lead to incomplete relationships and health problems
Out-of-sequence death
The sudden death of someone who is not "supposed to die"; also the most difficult grief to bear
What kind of emotions are felt with out-of-sequence death
Powerful and emotions of guilt, denial, anger, sorrow
One protective impulse is
To blame someone; perhaps oneself for not being more careful or more loving; possibly blaming the deceased person
Define sense of presence
Individuals who have experienced a loss sometimes have a nonthreatening, comforting perception that the deceased is present
The sense of presence is apart of what process
The mourning process that occurs because the bond that continues between the bereaved loved ones and the deceased
When does the sense of presence occur
During the grieving process and beyond
Define grief attacks
Involuntary and unexpected reappearance of emotions and behaviors associated with grief
What may cause a grief attack
Eating at a restaurant, certain foods, a thought of the loved one for no reason at all, hearing about a death or reading a similar death
When a loved passes the pain never goes away just gets easier to cope what helps coping
Time, generally after some time the sadness is replaced with fond memories of the loved one except during special occasions such as birthdays and holidays
Kubler-ross's denial stage of dying
Individual acts as though nothing has happened and may refuse to believe or understand loss has occurred
Kubler-ross's anger stage of dying
Individual resist the loss and may strike out at everyone and everything
Kubler-ross's bargaining stage of dying
Individual postpones awareness of reality of the loss and may try to deal in a subtle or overt way as the loss can be prevented
Kubler-ross's depression stage of dying
Individual feels overwhelmingly lonely and withdraws from interpersonal interactions
Kubler-ross's acceptance stage of dying
Individual accepts the loss and looks forward to the future
According to worden's task of mourning what is adjust to environment in which the deceased is missing
Doesn't realize full impact for a least 3 months; friends and associates stop calling, and the person is left to prey in loneliness; often the individual must take on roles formerly filled by the deceased
What is the nurses role to help a patient that's grieving
Assess grieving behavior, recognize the influence of grief on behavior, and provide empathetic support
During the stages of grief and dying what is a mistake and possibly harmful
To expect patients to progress in some specific manner over specified time
The theories on grief are to help the nurse anticipate
Potential needs of the patient and families; plan interventions to help patients understand their grief while trying to deal with it
Infancy to 5 yr old's influences on the concept of death
Does not understand the concept of death
9-12 yr old's influences on the concept of death
Understands death as the inevitable end of life
18-45 yr old's influences on the concept of death
Has attitude towards death influenced by religious and cultural beliefs
What are the four types of complicated grief
Chronic grief, delayed grief, exaggerated grief, masked grief