Chemistry Revision
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Add excess sodium hydroxide, solution turns into a green precipitate. | Test for (Fe)²⁺ ions (Metal ions (aq)) |
Add excess sodium hydroxide, solution turns into an brown precipitate. | Test for (Fe)³⁺ ions (Metal ions (aq)) |
Add a few drops of sodium hydroxide, solution turns into a white precipitate. Add excess sodium hydroxide, stays as white precipitate. | Test for (Mg)²⁺ ions (Metal ions (aq)) |
Add a few drops of sodium hydroxide, solution turns into a white precipitate. Add excess sodium hydroxide, stays as white precipitate. | Test for (Ca)²⁺ ions (Metal ions (aq)) |
Add a few drops of sodium hydroxide, solution turns into a white precipitate. Add excess sodium hydroxide, precipitate redissolves. | Test for (Al)³⁺ ions (Metal ions (aq)) |
Flame test, flame turns yellow. | Test for (Na)⁺ ions (Metal ions (s)) |
Flame test, flame turns orange-red. | Test for (Ca)²⁺ ions (Metal ions (s)) |
Flame test, flame turns red. | Test for (Li)⁺ ions (Metal ions (s)) |
Flame test, flame turns lilac. | Test for (K)⁺ ions (Metal ions (s)) |
Flame test, flame turns blue-green. | Test for (Cu)²⁺ ions (Metal ions (s)) |
Add excess sodium hydroxide, solution turns into a blue precipitate. | Test for (Cu)²⁺ ions (Metal ions (aq)) |
Add a few drops of dilute nitric acid then a few drops of silver nitrate. Solution turns into a white precipitate. | Test for (Cl)⁻ ions (Non-metal ions (aq)) |
Add a few drops of dilute nitric acid then a few drops of silver nitrate. Solution turns into a cream precipitate. | Test for (Br)⁻ ions (Non-metal ions (aq)) |
Add a few drops of dilute nitric acid then a few drops of silver nitrate. Solution turns into a yellow precipitate. | Test for (I)⁻ ions (Non-metal ions (aq)) |
Add dilute hydrochloric acid and bubble gas produced into limewater. if limewater turns cloudy, carbon dioxide is present and ions tested are carbonate. | Test for (CO₃)²⁻ ions (Non-metal ions (aq)) |
Add a few drops of dilute hydrochloric acid then a few drops of barium chloride. Solution turns into a white precipitate. | Test for (SO₄)²⁻ ions (Non-metal ions (aq)) |
Put a lit splint into a test tube of hydrogen, makes a squeaky pop sound. | Test for H₂ (Gases) |
Put a glowing splint in a test tube of oxygen, relights in oxygen. | Test for O₂ (Gases) |
Bubble carbon dioxide into limewater, turns limewater cloudy. | Test for CO₂ (Gases) |
Put damp blue litmus paper over chlorine gas being produced. Turns red then bleaches it white. | Test for Cl₂ (Gases) |
Moles = Mass/Mr | Equation for Mass, Moles and Mr |
Mass = Concentration x Volume | Equation for Concentration, Mass and Volume |
Moles = Concentration x Volume | Equation for Concentration, Moles and Volume |
Atom economy = useful mass / total mass | Equation for Atom economy |
Percentage yield = Actual yield / Theoretical yield x 100 | Equation for Percentage yield |
Divide by 1000. | Convert from cm³ to dm³ |
Divide by 1000. | Convert from g to kg |
Divide by 1000. | Convert from mg to g |
Divide by Relative Formula Mass. | Convert from g/dm³ to mol/dm³ |