Diuretics
🇬🇧
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Diuretics - Details
Levels:
Questions:
15 questions
| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| What is Natriuresis | Increased sodium excretion |
| What is Kaliuresis | Increased potassium excretion |
| What is Aquaretics | Net excretion of water |
| What type of diuretics target the proximal convulated tubule | Carbonic Anhydrase inhibitors such as Acetazolamide |
| Mode of action of Carbonic Anhydrase inhibitors | Inhibits action of carbonic anhydrase in brush border & PCT cell Can cause metabolic acidosis due to loss of HCO3 |
| What type of diuretics target the Loop of Henle ( TAL ) | Loop diuretics --> (Furosemide, Bumetanide ) |
| Mode of action of loop diuretic | Loop diuretics block Na-K-2 Cl transporter which basically means that both Na+/K+ are not reabsorbed which therefore can lead to hypokalaemia |
| Where do Thiazide diuretics | Distal Convulated Tubule ( Indapamide, Metalazone ) |
| Mode of action of Thiazide diuretic | Block Na - Cl transporter in DCT Increases Na⁺ (and H2O) loss / K+ loss Reduces Ca loss in urine Less potent diuretics than loop diuretics |
| What type of diuretics target the collecting duct | Na⁺ channel blockers: Amiloride Aldosterone antagonists: Spironolactone |
| Carbonic Anhydrase inhibitors, what are they used for | Treatment of Glaucoma |
| What is mannitol used to treat for | Cerebral oedema Freely filtered at the glomerulus, but not reabsorbed increases the osmolarity of the filtrate Causes loss of water, Na⁺ and K⁺ in the urine |
| What is the mode of action for Aldosterone Antagonist | This is a competitive inhibitor of the aldosterone receptor which decreases Na+ reabsorption Since aldosterone increases Na+ reabsorption This can lead to K+ levels to increase and lead to hyperkalaemia which is life threatening |
| What adverse effects can Loop diuretics and Thiazide diuretics cause | Increase the loss of potassium in the urine may cause Hypokalaemia |
| What adverse effects can Aldosterone antagonist and K+ sparring medication cause | Reduce excretion of potassium in the urine may cause Hyperkalaemia |