first phys exam
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58 questions
| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| Collection of stars | Constellation |
| Measure of a stars brightness | Magnitude |
| Mass - kilogram (kg) Force - newton (N) Energy - Joule (J) Length - meter (m) Time - second (sec) | Metric Units -mass -force -energy -length -time |
| Pico (p) 10^-12 nano (n) 10^-9 micro (u) 10^-6 milli (m) 10^-3 kilo (k) 10^3 Mega (M) 10^6 Giga (G) 10^9 Tera (T) 10^12 | Degree of kilo meters |
| 140.000.000 km = 1.4 x 10^8 km | Scientific Notation |
| 1 year = 13.8 billion years | Cosmic Calendar |
| The path of the sun | Ecliptic |
| 23.5 degrees | What is the degree difference from the ecliptic to the celestial equator? |
| The equator of the stars, if the stars were fixed on a dome | Celestial Equator |
| Summer - June 21 Winter - December 21 Vernal (Spring) - March 21 Autumnal (fall) - September 21 | When are the solstices? |
| Eastward on the ecliptic | Direction Motion |
| Westward on the ecliptic | Retrograde Motion |
| Is similar to latitude, measured in degrees, zero at the equator, positive goes north to the north pole 90 degrees, south goes negative -90 degrees | Declination (dec) |
| Similar to longitude, vernal equinox is zero, measured in hours | Right Ascension (R.A.) |
| Geoid | What is the actual shape of the earth? |
| The movement of the earths tilt, it takes 26,000 years to complete one wobble | What is precession? How long does one take? |
| The shadow of the earth on the moon during a lunar eclipse, and the way ships disappear into the horizon | How do we know the earth is round? |
| Observed the suns shadows on the tropics, figured out what stadia is 12,000km | What did Eratosthenes do? |
| He was the first to make maps of the constellations | What did Ptolemy do? |
| Said the earth was a fixed point, unmoving | What did Aristotle do? |
| With earth in the center and the sun and other planets orbiting the earth | What is the geocentric model of the solar system? |
| Proposed the heliocentric system, discovered epicycles, and said that mercury and venus were inferior planets | What did Copernicus do? |
| Made extensive observations of the motions of the planets, observed the supernova of 1572 and reasoned that stars are not unchangable | What did Tycho do? |
| Was Tycho's assistant, originated three laws of planetary motion, stole Tycho's work, studied mars | What did Kepler do? |
| The perfect solids | What was keplers reasoning for only 6 planets? |
| Planets move in ellipses, with the sun at one focus | What is Kepler's first law? |
| A point that has gravitational pull, like the sun | What is a focus? |
| Half of the major axis | Semi-major axis |
| The distance from the center to a focus | What does c equal? |
| Astronomical Unit, length of the semi major axis of the earths orbit | What is an au? What is it's distance? |
| The radius line from the sun to a planet sweeps out equal areas in equal times, planets don't move at a constant speed | What is Kepler's second law? |
| Everything follows this law, the galaxy and other plants | What follow Keplerian motion? |
| The square of the period is equal to the cube of the semi major axis, p^2=a^3, where p = the sideral period of the planet and a=the semimajor axis in au | What is Kepler's Third law? |
| Launch so it arrives to the planet when the planet is there when the spacecraft arrives | Launch Window |
| He was the first to use a telescope for astronomical observations, originated concept of Galilean relativity, acceleration | What did Galileo do? |
| A property transmitted to an object by a mover (throwing arm) | What is Impetus? |
| Latin for cup | Crater |
| Pointing a telescope at the sun then projecting onto a wall | Projection viewing |
| Originated the three laws of motion, originated the law of universal gravitational, with leibniz invented calculus, invented the first reflecting telescope | What did Isaac Newton do? |
| Mass is the amount of matter in an object, weight is the force exerted on that object | How are mass and weight different? |
| An object at rest tends to stay at rest. An object in motion moves at a constant speed in a straight line unless acted upon by a force | What is newtons first law of motion? |
| 9.8 m/s^2 | Linear Acceleration |
| The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass, F=m times a | Newton's Second Law of motion |
| For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction | Newton's third law of motion |
| The gravitational force between any two objects is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the distance between them | Law of Universal Gravitation |
| F=G((m sub 1 times m sub 2) / r^2) | What is the equation for law of universal gravitation? |
| 1781 by William Herschel | When was Uranus discovered? |
| 1846 by Gallileo | When was Neptune discovered? |
| 1930 by Clyde Tombaugh | When was Pluto discovered? |