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building blocks of that tough, fibrous protein keratin that gives structure, durability, and water proofing to your hair, nails, and outer skin.

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Keratinocytes

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Integumentary System - Leaderboard

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Integumentary System - Details

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Building blocks of that tough, fibrous protein keratin that gives structure, durability, and water proofing to your hair, nails, and outer skin.

Keratinocytes

A cell in the basal layer of the epidermis that produces melanin under the control of the melanocyte-stimulating hormone

Melanocyte

Protects your body against infection and extreme temperature, maintains and balance of fluid, and even synthesizes vitamin d for your own personal use.

Skin

Genetic disorder that affects the skin, in which there is no melanin production

Albinism

Layer of skin between the epidermis and hypodermis, composed mainly of connective tissue and containing blood vessels, hair follicles, sweat glands, and other structures

Dermis

The outer layer of the skin covering the exterior body surface of vertebrates

Epidermis

A fibrous scleroprotein that occurs in the outer layer of the skin and in horny tissues such as hair, feathers, nails, and hooves

Keratin

Spider-shaped cell in epidermis that are responsible for producing the brown pigment melanin.

Melanocytes

Star-shaped, and like white blood cells and platelets, they actually originate in your bone marrow. Once they migrate to the epidermis, their long, skinny tendrils run around the keratinocytes and spend much of their time ingesting the unwanted invaders that are trying to sneak around your skin.

Langerhans Cells

Deep down at the boundary between the epidermis and the dermis, where they combine with nerve endings to create a sensory receptor for touch.

Merkel Cells

This is the outermost layer and also the roughest, made up of about 20 or 30 sheets of dead keratinocyte cells. This is the layer that you’re always sloughing off and feeding to dust mites, but while it’s in place it offers basic protection from environmental threats

Stratum Corneum

This holds two or three rows of clear, flat, dead keratinocytes that are only found in the thick skin of your palms and foot soles. So, in places where you only have thin skin, this layer is what’s missing.

Stratum lucidum

This contains living keratinocytes that are forming keratin like crazy. This layer looks kind of grainy because those cells are getting compressed and flattened as they move up through the epidermal layers, maturing as they go.

Stratum granulosum

These cells look prickly when they’re dehydrated for microscope slide preparation and that’s because they contain filaments that help them hold to each other.

Stratum spinosum

It’s just a single layer of columnar cells, but it’s like a cell factory where most of that new-cell production happens. This stratum is also what connects the epidermis to the layer of skin below it, the dermis.

Stratum basale

A thin sheet of areolar connective tissue that’s riddled with little peg-like projections

Dermal papillae

The type of epidermis with five named layers, and only found on the palms of the hands, and the soles of the feet.

Thick skin

This layer if epidermal cells looks grainy because the cells are producing large amounts of keratin before they die.

Stratum granulosum

Epidermal cells that are part of the immnune system, and try to gobble up invading bacteria before they can break into the deeper layers of tehe skin.

Dendritic cells

Structure supported by dermal papillae also known as fingerprints.

Friction ridges

The main types of cells in the epidermis, these makes a lot of the protein keratin which makes the skin durable

Keratinocytes

The type of epidermis with just four named layers, and found everywhere on the body other than the palms of the hands and soles of the feet.

Thin skin

Made of loose areolar connective tissue, this is the layer of the dermis just deep to the epidermis.

Papillary layer

The deepest layer of the epidermis, is made of just one layer of cells that are actively dividing to produce cells that get pushed out others layers.

Stratum basale

The tissue type found in the epidermis

Stratified squamous epithelium

The layer of the skin just deep to the epidermis, containing blood vessels, and making skin elastic

Dermis

This layer of epidermal cells is held together by protein fibers, and is the layer just superficial to the layer where active cell division is occuring

Stratum spinosum

The dermal layer just deep to the papillary layer, made od dense irregular connective tissue.

Reticular cell

The organ system that includes your skin, hair, nails sweat glands, and oil glands

Integumentary system

The deepest of the three main layers of the skin, made mostly of adipose tissue.

Hypodermis

Epidermis cells that work with neurons to provide sensation for light touch.

Tactile cells