National 5: Physics
Revision cards for the whole National 5 Physics course.
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471 questions
| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| What is a scalar quantity? | A quantity specified by magnitude or size alone |
| What is a vector quantity? | A quantity specified by magnitude or size with a direction also |
| What is the vector equivalent of distance? | Displacement |
| A man walks 80 m to the left then 330 m to the right. Calculate the total displacement of the man | 250m due east |
| How do you calculate resultant of two vectors at right angles? | Calculate the magnitude of the resultant using Pythagoras Calculate the direction of the resultant using trigonometry |
| Calculate the resultant displacement from this diagram. (HINT: 3, 4, 5 triangle) | 5m at 36.9° west of north |
| What is speed? | Distance travelled in one second |
| In the below formula, what is v? | Average speed |
| In the below formula, what is d? | Distance |
| What is velocity? | Displacement in one second |
| In the below formula, what is s? | Displacement |
| How do you calculate average velocity? | In the formula v=s/t, sub in magnitude of displacement only and sub in time Calculate the angle separately |
| What is instantaneous speed? | The speed of an object at a particular moment in time |
| What indicates instantaneous speed in a car? | Speedometer |
| If given the equipment below, describe how to find instantaneous speed. | A light gate consists of a light source + photocell. The photocell is connected to an electronic timing device. The timing device is triggered when the light beam is broken by the card. The timing device records how long the beam is blocked for. You then use "instantaneous speed=length of card/time beam is broken" to calculate instantaneous speed. |
| What is displacement? | The straight-line length and direction between two points |
| What does this speed-time graph tell us about the motion of the object? | It is moving at a constant speed |
| What does this speed-time graph tell us about the motion of the object? | There is uniform acceleration speeding up |
| What does this speed-time graph tell us about the motion of the object? | There is uniform negative acceleration slowing down |
| Where can you find distance on speed time graph? | Area under the graph |
| Define acceleration | Change in velocity per unit time |
| What is it called when something slows down | Negative acceleration |
| In the below formula, what is a? | Acceleration |
| In the below formula, what is v? | Final velocity |
| In the below formula, what is u? | Initial velocity |
| Describe how to use a light gate to measure acceleration | Put double card on vehicle + record length of each let vehicle roll down ramp + through light gate record time taken for card 1 to pass through light gate. calculate and record initial speed. do same for card 2, final speed record time taken for both cards to pass through light gate use a=v-u/t |
| As an object moves further from the earths centre, what happens to gravitational field strength? | It decreases |
| Define force | Force is a push or pull that acts on an object due to its interaction with another object |
| What is force measured in | Newtons N |
| When force is applied to an object, what can it change about an object? | Shape speed direction of travel |
| What is meant by a balanced force | When there are no forces acting on an object OR the forces that are acting on an object cancel each other out |
| What is meant by an unbalanced force | When there is a net or resultant force acting on an object |
| What is newtons first law of motion? | An object at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force an object in motion continues in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted on by an unbalanced force |
| What will happen if the forces acting on a stationary object are all balanced | The object will stay stationary |
| What will happen if the forces acting on a moving object are all balanced? | The object will continue moving at the same speed and in the same direction |
| What will happen if the forces acting on an object are unbalanced | The object will accelerate in the direction of the unbalanced force |
| Calculate the resultant force acting on the football and describe its motion as a result | 3N resultant force to the left Football will accelerate towards the left |
| What is terminal velocity? | The constant speed an object in free fall reaches when the air resistance prevents further acceleration due to gravity |
| What is friction | The force resisting the motion of surfaces sliding against each other |
| What are some advantages of friction | As we walk friction stops us from slipping car tyres use friction to propel vehicle forward and allow them change direction |
| Why are there grooves in tyres | Provide space for water and oil to go and allow the tyre to be in contact with road surface |
| What is the affect of wider tires on frictional force | Wider tyres provide a greater frictional force allowing cars to corner at a higher speed |
| How can friction be reduced? | Lubrication (oil in an engine, jets of air in air hockey) streamlining |
| What is streamlining? | When an objects shape creates as little resistance as possible from gases or liquids |
| What is newton's second law put simply? | The acceleration of an object is directly proportional unbalanced force and inversely proportional to an objects mass |
| In the formula F=ma, what is F? | Unbalanced force in Newtons |
| In the formula F=ma, what is m? | Mass in kg |
| In the formula F=ma, what is a? | Acceleration in ms⁻² |
| When an object moves at a constant speed, what is the net force on that object? | 0 all forces are balanced |
| What is mass | A measure of the number of particles in an object |
| What is weight | The force of gravity acting on an objects mass (on earth, the earths pull on us) |
| What is weight measured in? | Newtons |
| What does the weight of an object depend on | An objects mass how far it is from the planets centre gravitational field strength of the planet |
| What is gravitational field strength? | Weight per unit mass or force of gravity per kilogram |
| In W=mg, what is W? | Weight in Newtons |
| In W=mg, what is m? | Mass in kg |
| In W=mg, what is g? | Gravitational field strength in N kg-1 |
| As an object moves further from the earths centre, what happens to gravitational field strength? | It decreases |
| What is newtons third law? | For every action force there is an equal and opposite reaction force |
| Forces always exist in pairs. What are these pairs called? | Newton Pairs/ Paired Forces |
| Describe what happens when you blow up a balloon in terms of newtons third law | The air particles exert a force on the balloon and the balloon exerts an equal and opposite force on the air particles. |
| How is a rocket launched according to Newton's third law? | Rocket engines force heated gas out of the end of the rocket, the heated gas exerts an equal and opposite force on the rocket, pushing it upwards. |
| What does the law of the conservation of energy state? | Energy can't be created or destroyed buy changed from one form to another or transferred from one object to another. |
| In the formula Ew=Fd, what is Ew? | Work done when energy is transferred in Joules |
| In the formula Ew=Fd, what is F? | Force in Newtons |
| In the formula Ew=Fd, what is d? | Distance in metres |
| What is gravitational potential energy? | Work done when an object is lifted above the ground |