National 5: Religious, Moral and Philosophical Studies
Revision cards for the National 5 RMPS Course. Only includes Judaism, Morality & Relationships and the Problem of Suffering and Evil.
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127 questions
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| What is an orthodox jew? | A jew who is more traditional and literal when interpreting Jewish teachings |
| What are the two groups of Jews? | Orthodox Reformed |
| What is a reform jew? | A jew who is more modern in their thinking and less observant of traditional interpretations of Jewish teachings |
| What is an Orthodox Jew? | A jew more traditional when interpreting jewish teachings |
| What is the meaning of monotheistic? | Believing in only one God |
| What is a reformed jew | A jew more modern when interpreting jewish teachings |
| What is a source for monotheism | Deuteronomy 6:4 - "Hear, O Israel! The Lord is Our God, the Lord Alone" Quote from the Shema Prayer |
| Give examples of an orthodox jewish beliefs/practices | Sticking to strict dietary laws only eating unleavened bread women don't wear trousers would not get in a car on the sabbath |
| Define ex Nihilo | Out of nothing |
| Give examples of reformed Jewish beliefs and practices | Kippot is optional women can wear trousers women can become rabbis |
| What is Divine Command? | Divine command theory defines an action as good or bad depending on whether or not it supports Gods commands |
| What makes someone jewish? | If you have a jewish mother if you have converted to judaism |
| What is a source of divine command? | "Let the land produce vegetation: seed bearing plants and trees on the land that bear fruit with seed in it, according to their various kinds" Genesis 1:11 |
| Define Imago Dei | In the image of God |
| Name Jewish principles of faith | God Exists God is one and unique God has no bodily form (incorporeal) God is eternal Jews must worship Him alone God has communicated through the prophets Moses is the greatest of the prophets The Torah is of Divine Origin The Torah is eternally valid, there will be no other God is omniscient God is a judge, punishes evil and rewards good God will send a Messiah God will resurrect the dead—Jews don’t believe Jesus was resurrected |
| What is a source of imago Dei | "And God said let us make man in our image, after our likeness" Genesis 1:26 |
| What is Yetzer Tov | The Good impulse An inner voice for Jews that remind's them of God's laws when they consider doing something forbidden |
| What is Yetzer Hara? | Selfish Nature desire to satisfy personal needs without regard for the moral consequences |
| What is Covenant? | `A commitment of love and creates a relationship that in fundamentally different from that of a contract |
| Define Messiah | A man who would lead Jewish people back to the land of Israel, and would be a prophet teacher and leader |
| What is a source for Messiah | The wolf also shall dwell with the lamb and the leopard shall lie down with the kid. They shall not hurt or destroy in all my holy mountain. Isaiah 9:6-7 |
| Jews believe in only ___ God. They are a __________ faith. | One God. Monotheistic |
| IWhat is the Shema? | A prayer Jews recite every morning and evening. |
| What is the Siddur? | Daily prayer book |
| Define the term 'evil' | Opposite of good when something bad happens to person or people |
| Define the term 'suffering' | Result of evil how evil impacts people |
| What are the two types of evil | Moral, natural |
| What is natural evil | Evil humans have no control over |
| What type of suffering does natural evil cause | Natural suffering |
| Give an example of natural evil | Natural disaster |
| What is moral evil? | When humans hurt each other intentionally |
| What type of suffering does moral evil cause? | Manmade suffering |
| Give a real life example of moral evil | 2017 Manchester Bombing 6 million Jews killed in Nazi Extermination Camps |
| Give a real life example of natural evil | Michael Buble's son contracted cancer in 2016 Zika virus spread by mosquitos which can affect unborn babies |
| What is free will? | Ability to make decisions without anyone telling us what to do |
| What is responsibility? | Being accountable for your actions or taking the blame if you do something wrong |
| Describe the free will argument | God gave humans freedom to choose good or bad. He doesn't interfere when they choose bad otherwise humans would be God's puppets. The freedom to choose is most important, the fact that evil sometimes comes out of our own choices can't be helped |
| What is determinism? | Belief that every human decision and action is determined by causes outwith our control. We cannot be held morally responsible for our actions |
| What is anti-Semitism? | The hatred of Jewish people and the Jewish religion |
| Describe Genesis 3 - The Fall | Adam and Eve could eat anything in the garden of Eden except fruit from the Tree of Knowledge. They have free will and choose to eat from the tree. They are banished from the garden as punishment. |
| What does the free will argument explain? | The existence of evil & why God allows evil to happen |
| What are the two types of determinism? | Theological (religious) and Non-religious |
| What does non religious determinism argue | That there are higher forces at play controlling what happens. For example, fate, physics, the universe. |
| What five things do Jews believe their God is? | Omnipotent omniscient omnipresent omnibenevolent a creator |
| What is meant by omnipotent? | All powerful |
| What is meant by omniscient | All knowing |
| What is mean by omnipresent | Everywhere all the time |
| What is meant when Jews say their God is a creator? | He is responsible for creating the Universe |
| What is meant by omnibenevolent? | All loving |
| How would you answer a 'describe' question? | Describe the meaning of what you have said 'this means...' |
| How would you answer an explain question? | Explain why something is the way it is 'she is this because...' |
| Define monotheism | Believing in only one God |
| What is a source for monotheism | Deuteronomy 6:4 |
| In what prayer to jews declare their belief in one god only? | The shema prayer twice a day |
| What is the siddur | A daily prayer book |
| What do jews believe about God's nature? | Omniscient omnipotent omnipresent omnibenevolent a creator holy transcendent |
| What is meant by transcendent | God is not a physical entity he is above and beyond everything that exists and that can be imagined |
| Why do Jews often write G-D, instead of God? | Defacing/erasing the name of God is forbidden. G-D is written to avoid taking the risk |
| Where can you find the story of creation? | The book of Genesis |
| Define ex nihilo | Out of nothing |
| What does the name Adam mean? | Comes from the hebrew word 'adamah' meaning earth adam was created from earth |
| What does the name 'Eve' mean? | Alive / living |
| What is the impact of believing in God for Jews? | Jews will interact with their environment differently Jews believe the world is exactly as God wants it Jews believe creation is onging Jews believe everyone is equal in God's eyes, as he is everywhere Jews believe God is invisible but still there Jews are given a reason to follow the Torah Jews will dedicate their life to God as he is their only God |
| What does 'b'zelem Elohim' mean | In the image of God in Hebrew |
| What does it mean for humans to be made in God's image | They share some of God's attributes |
| What is the importance of being made in the image of God? | It explains human's special place in creation It affects how humans treat one another Means everyone is of equal importance Means humans have a dignity other creations don't |
| What are the two opposing inclinations of Jews? (dual nature) | Yetzer Tov Yetzer Hara |
| What is Yetzer Tov | Moral conscience inclination to do good |
| What is Yetzer Hara | Our instinct for survival the inclination to do wrong |
| How do Jews believe we can strengthen Yetzer Tov? | Constantly living in a moral way learning from the Torah following the mitzvot |
| What do Jews refer to as the "antidote to Yetzer Harah" | The Torah's teachings |
| What is sin? | When people disobey God's laws and choose to do evil acts |
| Where can we find an example of sin in the bible? | Genesis 3 - the fall |
| Where do Jews believe we got free will from? | A gift from God |
| The world was said to be of peace and harmony in the beginning. What changed this? | The Original sin of Adam and Eve brought suffering into the world |
| What do rabbis believe the consequence of sin is? | Further evil one sin leads to another |
| What explanation do jews have for the evil prospering at the expense of good people? | The evil are rewarded for what good they have done in this life, so nothing is owed to them in the afterlife the good are punished for what evil they have done in this life, so their reward in the afterlife is untarnished |
| Give a biblical example of innocent people suffering due to nature | Job The Book of Job |
| Describe Job's story | A good man loses his livelihood, family and health. He doesn't understand why but doesn't lose faith. It turns out God was tested him, and God had faith in Job. |
| Jews believe God is merciful despite the existence of suffering. What is their explanation for this? | We are incapable of understanding the actions of an all powerful God. We need to have faith |
| Who were the Hebrews? | The first followers of Judaism |
| Which Egyptian Pharaoh enslaved Hebrews? | Pharaoh Rameses |
| How did Moses get his name? | Pharaoh Rameses decided there were too many Hebrew slaves so ordered all Hebrew sons to be killed. Moses' mother was frightened and lied her son in a basket on the river Nile. Pharaoh's daughter found the basket, adopted the baby and named him Moses. |
| Why did Moses have to flee Egypt? | He saw a slave master beating a slave cruelly, he killed the slave master when trying to stop him. Pharaoh ordered Moses' arrest but Moses escaped before they could arrest him. |
| Describe the exodus story | On Mount Sinai Moses saw a burning bush that didn't burn up. God's voice came from the bush telling him to return to Egypt and free Hebrews from slavery. Moses did as told and asked Pharaoh to free the slaves to no avail, God sent the ten plagues. After the tenth plague, Pharaoh agreed to let the Hebrews go. However, Pharaoh grew angry when they left and sent soldiers after them. God parted the red sea for the Israelites to escape and it crashed down on the soldiers. |
| How did Hebrew people avoid the tenth plague? | They slathered lambs blood on their doors so the Angel of Death would pass over their homes. |
| What was the tenth plague? | Death of firstborn |
| What did the Israelites take with them when leaving Egypt? | Unleavened bread. There was no time for their bread dough to rise, so it was baked quickly and came out flat. |
| Where is the Exodus story found? | Exodus 12:1-14 |
| What is the importance of Moses? | He freed the Jewish people from slavery He received the Torah and Ten commandments from God, so from him Jews know how to live according to God’s will He brought the Jews into the covenant with God He is the only prophet who met God and spoke with him directly. Not through visions and dreams. Moses’ story teaches us to trust God’s will. |
| What is Pesach? | Passover The most popular Jewish festival |
| Why is passover celebrated? | To celebrate the exodus story |
| What is the Haggadah | A book read during the passover meal |