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Pathology

Class at the National Academy of Osteopathy


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Pathology


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[Front]


an inherited skeletal disorder beginning before birth; cartilage is converted to bone resulting in DWARFISM.
[Back]


Achondroplasia is the most common form of....

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Pathology - Details

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225 questions
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What is another name for "Brittle Bone Disease"?
What is another name for Osteogenesis Imperfecta?
"Marble Bone Disease"
Another name for Osteopetrosis
The face and sinus
What bones of the body are mainly effected by Osteoma?
Mostly affects the long bones especially femur and tibia.
What bones of the body are mainly effected by Osteoid Osteoma?
Affects Vertebrae (but similar to Osteoid Osteoma).
What bones of the body are mainly effected by Osteoblastoma?
Mostly affects the CARTILAGE of HANDS and FEET.
What bones of the body are mainly effected by Enchondroma?
Usually affects the epiphyses/head of the long bones(common around the knee).
What bones of the body are mainly effected by Osteoclastoma?
1) Osteosarcoma. 2) Chondrosarcoma. 3) Ewing`s Sarcoma.
What are the names of the three kinds of MALIGNANT bone tumours.
Osteosarcoma.
What is the most common MALIGNANT bone cancer (45%)?
Osteosarcoma and Osteochondroma
What two kinds of bone cancers mostly effect children and teens? (1 malignant, 1 benign)?
Osteosarcoma.
What kind of cancer is this?
Osteosarcoma
What kind of cancer is this?
Osteosarcoma
What kind of cancer is this?
Mostly affects flat bones, especially the shoulder and pelvic girdles.
What bones are usually affected by Chondrosarcoma?
Chondrosarcoma
What bone cancer is this?
Ewing`s Sarcoma
Which malignant bone cancer is the least common?
The body of a longbone.
What is the "diaphyseal" reason of a bone?
Ewing's Sarcoma (onion peel appearance).
What kind of cancer is this?
Osteomyelitis
It is an infection of bone that leads to tissue destruction and often to debility.
It is the death of bone tissue due to a lack of blood supply.
Avascular Necrosis/Osteonecrosis/Aseptic Necrosis:
Trauma or fracture
What is the most common cause of avascular necrosis/osteonecrosis?
The epiphisis of long bones.
What area of the bone does avascular necrosis/osteomecrosis typoically effect?
Osteoartheritis is the least common artheritis. True or False?
What is the most common type of artheritis?
Lubricin is secreted by the ______ ______ in the joint capsule?
What is secreted by the synovial fibroblast?
Joint injury or synovial inflammation causes ________ to decrease secretion.
Lubricin decreases secretion after _________ or _________?
_______ and _______ contain mechanoreceptors that signals the spinal cord to adjust loading.
Ligaments and Tendons contain ____________ that signals the spinal cord to adjust loading.
_________ causes compressive stiffness to cartillage.
Aggrecan causes ________ ________ to cartillage.
Chondrocyte, collegen and aggrecan make up __________.
Cartillage is made up of what 3 things?
Chondrocytes synthesize what?
What synthesizes the elements of "matrix"?
Healthy cartillage is indicated by what 3 traits?
What are the following traits indicative of? - Is metabolically sluggish. - Has a slow matrix turnover. - Has synthesis and degradation in balance.
Bone spurs are also called...?
What's another name for "osteophytes"?
_________ nodes: osteophytes at the distal phalanges joints (DIP).
Heberden nodes: osteophytes at the _IP joints.
_________ nodes: osteophytes at the proximal phalanges joints (PIP).
Bouchard nodes: osteophytes at the _IP joints.
True.
True or false: NSAIDS are effective in treating Osteopartheritis?
Synovial Tissue is mainly affected by this type of artheritis.
What does rheumatoid artheritis (RA) specifically affect in joints?
False; Rheumatoid artheritis is symmetric.
True or false: rheumatoid artheritis is asymmetric.
All the joints from the wrist-down, as illustrated.
What joints are effected by Rheumatoid Artheritis?
Top to bottom: Mallet Finger, Boutonnièr Deformity, Swan Neck Deformity.
Label "Swan Neck Deformity," Mallet Finger," and "Boutonnièr Deformity".
Rheumatoid Artheritis (RA)
What is the general malady being shown in this image?
A and d are the ONLY correct answers for a DOMP.
What of the following treatments are within a DOMP's ethical right to recommend for an RA patient: a) NSAIDs, b) Glucocorticoids, c) DMARDs (disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs), d) Physical Therapy and Assistive Devices. e) Surgery.
What are some very common Musculoskeletal Manifestations of Crystal – Induced Conditions?
Tendonitis, carpal tunnel, Bursitis, Osteoartheritis, PSEUDO Rheumatoid Artheritis, Spinal Stenosis, tendon rupture
Name 3 joints mainly effected by Osteoartheritis.
 Lumbosacral spine.  Hip.  Knee.  1st Metatarsophalangeal (1st joint of big toe)  Hands: DIP, PIP and base of the thumb.
Gout is characterized by recurrent attacks of artheritis due to monosodium-urate (MSU) deposits, and an increased uric acid level. What are 3 potential causes for increased uric levels?
Alcohol use, Low function thyroid, Medications: esp diuretics, Genetics, Diets (high in red meats, anchovis), Leukemia, Lymphoma, Psiriosis, Chemotherapy, Dehydration and Renal diseases
What is a condition that often comes in association with gout?
 Obesity.  Diabetes.  Hypertension. Atherosclerosis.
Simply, what is acute-artheritis?
Acute arthritis is a joint infection that evolves over hours or days. The infection resides in synovial or periarticular tissues and is usually bacterial. It is temporary and is caused by MSU crystals in the joints.