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RMOT 101 Birds part 1


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Tyler F


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[Front]


What are some characteristics of birds?
[Back]


• Feathers • Wings • Bill • Specialized skeleton • Hand, head, pelvis, feet • Centralized body mass • Endotherms (40-44oC) • Efficient circulatory and respiratory systems • Rapid and efficient digestive system • Advanced nervous system and acute vision • Reduction in the number of some organs • Oviparity

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RMOT 101 Birds part 1 - Details

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16 questions
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What are some characteristics of birds?
• Feathers • Wings • Bill • Specialized skeleton • Hand, head, pelvis, feet • Centralized body mass • Endotherms (40-44oC) • Efficient circulatory and respiratory systems • Rapid and efficient digestive system • Advanced nervous system and acute vision • Reduction in the number of some organs • Oviparity
What are the purpose of feathers?
– Support for flight – Insulation / water-proofing – Signalling, camouflage
What are 6 keys to identifying birds?
1. Size & Shape 2. Colour Pattern 3. Field Marks 4. Behaviour 5. Habitat 6. Songs & Calls – not as helpful for all birds
How do most birds moult? What kind of birds are the exception and how do they moult?
One pair of feathers at a time to maintain balance Waterfowl; they shed feathers all at once
How do birds navigate when migrating?
• Magnetic compass • Celestial navigation – Solar + Moon and stars • Navigation by sight – Topographical landmarks
Why do birds migrate North?
• Benefits must offset costs – Day length – longer days to feed / raise young – Space – 8X more = Less competition + don’t need to wait to breed – Food – quantity, quality, less exploited – Fewer predators and parasites
What are the 4 main flyways birds use to migrate?
• Atlantic • Mississippi • Central • Pacific
Why do some ducks migrate to moulting areas?
– Abundant food – Protection from predators
What are the 2 types of newly hatched birds?
– Precocial • Covered with down • Can run, swim or walk when they hatch • E.g., waterfowl, gamebirds – Altricial • Naked and vulnerable • Remain in the nest • E.g., raptors, songbirds
Why is monogamy prevalent in birds?
1. Both parents required to raise young – Especially altricial young 2. Males can’t monopolize resources required to support extra mates
What are the 3 purposes of courtship displays?
1. Ensure same species breed together 2. Synchronize reproductive cycles 3. Help partners assess each other
What is a lek?
An area where males congregate to engage in courtship rituals
What are the benefits of leks?
Females can compare males Safer from predators