SEARCH
You are in browse mode. You must login to use MEMORY

   Log in to start

chapter 7, 9, 10 flashcards


🇬🇧
In English
Created:


Public
Created by:
abbey watson


0 / 5  (0 ratings)



» To start learning, click login

1 / 25

[Front]


Microorganisms
[Back]


tiny (usually microscopic) entities capable of carrying on living process.

Practice Known Questions

Stay up to date with your due questions

Complete 5 questions to enable practice

Exams

Exam: Test your skills

Test your skills in exam mode

Learn New Questions

Dynamic Modes

SmartIntelligent mix of all modes
CustomUse settings to weight dynamic modes

Manual Mode [BETA]

Select your own question and answer types
Specific modes

Learn with flashcards
Complete the sentence
Listening & SpellingSpelling: Type what you hear
multiple choiceMultiple choice mode
SpeakingAnswer with voice
Speaking & ListeningPractice pronunciation
TypingTyping only mode

chapter 7, 9, 10 flashcards - Leaderboard

1 user has completed this course

No users have played this course yet, be the first


chapter 7, 9, 10 flashcards - Details

Levels:

Questions:

110 questions
🇬🇧🇬🇧
Microorganisms
Tiny (usually microscopic) entities capable of carrying on living process.
Infection prevention & control
Policies to minimize spread of heath care associated/community acquired infections.
Medical asepsis
Techniques that prevent growth & transmission of pathogenic organisms.
Clean technique
Medical asepsis
Surgical asepsis
Techniques that destroy all microorganisms and spores.
Sterile technique
Surgical asepsis
Disinfection
Use of chemicals that can be applied to stuff to destroy microorganisms.
Antiseptic
Prevent growth and reproduction of microorganisms, can be used on humans.
Spore
A round body formed by bacteria. forms as big as bacteria cell then takes that cell over.
Reservoir
Natural habitat of any microorganism that promotes growth &reproduction.
Carrier/vector
Person/animal that doesn't become ill but carries and spreads an organism, causing disease in others.
Contaminated vehicle
How microorganisms are carried & transported to next host, once left the reservoir.
Contamination
Condition of being soiled, stained, touched/exposed by harmful agents. makes an object potentially unsafe for use.
Fomite
A vehicle that is an inanimate (nonliving) object.
Host
Organism where another organism is nourished and harbored.
Healthcare associated infection
(nosocomial infections) infections patients get while at a health care facility.
Virulent
Exceedingly pathogenic
Exogenous
Growing outside the body
Endogenous
Growing inside the body
Centers for Disease Control Prevention (CDC) studies
US Dept. of Health & Human Services provide facilities for investigation, prevention, and control of disease.
Standard precautions when someone is infected
Accurate identification of all patients involved, "universal precautions" & "body substance isolation"
Standard precautions
Hand hygiene, gloves, masks, eye protection & gowns.
Isolation transmission categories
Airborne, droplet, contact
Sterilization
Methods used to kill all microorganisms, including spores.
Asepsis
Absence of pathogenic organisms
Pathogenic
Of a bacterium, virus, or other microorganism causing disease
Nonpathogenic microorganisms
Harmless (do not produce disease)
Pathogenic microorganisms
Cause disease/infection
Infection chain of events
INFECTIOUS AGENTS (microorganisms) > RESIRVIOR (infected individual) > EXIT ROUTE (blood, secretion, urine) > METHOD OF TRANSMISSION (hands, food, air, needle) > ENTRANCE (mouth, cut) > HOST (person) >
Virus
Smallest known agents that cause disease (DNA/RNA)
Fungi
Most plentiful forms of life. most common disease found in humans. (some harmless) most frequently involve skin, hair and nails.
Protozoa
Single celled animals existing everywhere in nature, responsible for malaria, ambeic dysentery, and African sleeping sickness.
Measures to reduce reservoirs of infectioin
Bathing, dressing changes, discard of contaminated needles, beside kept clean and dry, bottled solutions stored properly, surgical wounds maintained, drainage bottles and bags disposed of.
Localized infectious process
(symptoms such as pain/tenderness) infection in one spot of the body. proper care helps control and maintain spread, minimize illness.
Systemic infectious process
Affects the entire body, potential to be fatal. use antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals. minimize spread.
Stages of infectious process
Incubation, prodromal, acute, convalescence
Inflammatory response
Neutralizes & eliminates pathogens, body's way of repairing calls & tissues.
Signs of inlammation
Redness, pain, swelling, heat, loss of function.
Infection control nurse
Educate patients about infection and techniques to control the spread.
Occupational health services
Take control of the infection and measures to protect health care worker, such as Hep B vaccine availability,
Static
That which cannot move or grow
Most common type of HAI
MRSA (staphylococcus aureus)
Static
That which cannot move or grow
Static
That which cannot move or grow
Portal of exit
Microorganism needs a portal of exit to escape from the reservoir
Portal of entrance
Once a microorganism has left the reservoir it needs a portal of entrance to enter the new host
Hygiene
(principles of health) skin, hair, hands, feet, eyes, ears, mouth, back and perineum.
Personal hygiene
Self-care measures a person takes to maintain health and prevent disease.
High fowlers (bed position)
45 degrees or more (up to 90)
When is high fowlers used
Eating or drinking to prevent aspiration.
When is semi-fowlers used
For patients who cant tolerate high fowlers or after lumbar puncture.
Trendelenburg's (bed position)
Bed tilted downward at the foot of the bed.
When is trendelenburg's used
Removal of secretions with drainage, dilatation of vessels for central line.
Reverse trendelenburg's (bed position)
Bed tilted downward at the head of the bed.
When is reverse trendelenburg's used
Not commonly used, promotes gastric emptying.
Flat (bed position)
Entire bed frame parallel with floor.
When is flat position used
Vertebral injuries, immediately after lumbar puncture, cervical traction, preferred for sleeping.
Vertigo
Dizziness
Syncope
Fainting
Range of motion (ROM)
Normal movement that any joint is capable of making.
Umbilicus
Bellybutton
Supine
Laying face up position in bed
Sims position
Side-lying
Prone
Lying face-down
Febrile
Elevated body temperature
Pressure injury/pressure ulcer
Ulcerated skin from unrelieved pressure, shearing force or friction.
Shearing force
When skin tissue sides on each other, causing blood vessels to kink or stretch resulting in interruption of blood flow.
Friction
Rubbing of skin against another surface which can remove layers of tissue
Pressure injury stages
1, 2, 3, 4. unstageable/unclassified. suspected deep tissue injury.
Stage 1 pressure injury
Usually on a bony prominence intact with redness. difficult to detect in patients with dark tones.
Stage 2 pressure injury
Shallow open injury, shiny or dry, with red-pink wound bed.
Stage 3 pressure injury
Full thickness skin tissue loss, fat sometimes visible.
Stage 4 pressure injury
Full skin loss with exposed bone, tendon, cartilage, or muscle.
Unstageable/unclassified pressure injury
True depth of injury cannot be determined.
Vasodilation
Dilation of blood vessels (can be caused by heat)
Vasoconstriction
Narrowing of blood vessels (can be caused by cold)
Oral hygiene
Care of the mouth
Dentures
Artificial teeth
Perineal care
Care of genitals
Circumorbitial
Circular area around the eyes
Bedpan
Device to receive urine/feces from patients bed bound
Urinal
Collecting urine from male patients, also available for women
Canthus
Corner of eye
Sentinel event
Any unexpected event involving death, serious physical injury or the risk of them.
Safety reminder device (SRD)
Numerous devices used to immobilize patient or part of their body.
Elopement
Leaving the health care facility without permission or supervision.
Hazard Communication Act of OSHA
Provides guidelines to help reduce safety hazards in the workplace.
RACE
Rescue patients Sound alarm Confine the fire Extinguish/Evacuate
PASS (fire extinguisher)
Pull the pin Aim low Squeeze handle Sweep the unit
Disaster situation
Uncontrollable, unexpected, shocking event that is unique and likely to have impact on numerous health care facilities.
Disaster manual
Specifies chain of command, assignment procedure, responsibilities, patient evac procedure and routes,
Terrorism
Violent/dangerous act used to intimidate or coerce a person or government to further political agenda
Bioterrorism
Use of biologic agents to create fear and threaten.
Endemic
Expected or normal incidence occurring naturally to a specific area.
Epidemic
Emerges rapidly at an uncharacteristic time or unusual pattern
Poison
Any substance that is dangerous to your body when eaten, inhaled, injected or absorbed