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Index
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Massage Therapy
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Chapter 1
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Level 1
level: Level 1
Questions and Answers List
level questions: Level 1
Question
Answer
The inner region of an organ or structure
Medulla
Cells reproduce in a process of duplication and division
Mitosis
Orientated toward or near the mid-line of the body
Madial
Body cavity containing thoracic and abdominopelvic subdivisions
Ventral
Synonymous with posterior knee
Popliteal
Synonymous with forearm
Antibrachial
Gel-like intracellular fluid
Cytoplasm -
Presents four points of direction: Head end - Cranial Tail end - Caudal Belly side - Ventral Back side - Dorsal *Animals only - not humans
Quadruped
Synonymous with armpit
Axillary
Synonymous with ribs
Costal
Tendency of the body’s internal environment to remain relatively constant with a narrow range of change
Homeostasis
Study of disease
Pathology
Movement of the H2O and molecules across a cell membrane as a result of pressure
Filtration
Name the three types of muscle tissue
Smooth Cardiac Skeletal
Located on the back of a structure *can be referred to as either
Posterior or Dorsal
Situated above or toward the head end
Superior
Name the three types of cartilages
Hyaline Fibrocartilage Elastic
Groups of similar cells that act together to perform specific functions
Tissues
Tissue located in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves and interprets sensory information and coordinates bodily process - excitability and conductivity
Nervous tissue
The cell’s “control center” because it directs most metabolic activities including growth and reproduction
Nucleus
Located on the left side of the subject’s body or structure
Left
On the body referring to the upper chee
Zygomatic
Located nearer to the point of reference, usually toward the trunk of the bod
Proximal
Body plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior section
Frontal
Standing up with palms forward and toes forward
Anatomic Position
Study of the human body and their positional relationships to one another
Anatomy
Connective tissue type that serves as storage for surplus food and insulation to conserve body heat
Adipose
Movement of H2O across a membrane from area of low to high concentration to equalize fluid concentration of both sides of membrane
Osmosis
Flattened membrane lined sacs that bud off smell vesicles from the edges of the complex collects/packages secretions for use or export
Golgi complex
“Little organs” collection of membrane - bound functional structures in the cell.
Cell organelles
Cell’s “power plants” most chemical reactions involved in cellular respiration to produce ATP occur here
Mitochondria
Organelle that breaks down unneeded proteins and pathogens by engulfing and destroying them using digestive enzymes
Lysosomes
Smallest structural and functional unit that can exist as a self-sustaining entity
Cell
Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration to equalize concentration
Diffusion
Embryologic tissue layers that give rise to structures of the nervous system including special senses and epidermis of the skin
Ectoderm
Directional term meaning the opposite side of the body
Contralateral
What are the two layers found in most serous membrane
Parietal and visceral
Located farther from the point of reference, usually away from the trunk of the body
Distal
Refers to a beak-like structure in the front of the head or brain that projects forward
Rostral
Type of cartilage that covers the articulating surfaces of bones and connects the ribs to the sternum
Hyaline
Tissues that line or cover and external and internal body structures
Epithelium
Space within a hollow or tubular structure such as an artery or intestine
Lumen
Relative to the outside or external surface of a structure
Superficial
Membrane that lines cavities or spaces between bones and joints
Synovial membrane
Body plane that divides the body into superior and inferior sections
Transverse
Membranes that line closed body cavities
Serous membranes
Midline longitudinal plane dividing the head and torso into right and left halves
Median plane
Study of how the body and its individual parts function in normal processes
Physiology
Connective tissue found between vertebrae and in the knee
Fibrocartilage
Tissue that forms framework for organs and glands and provides transportation and defensive functions
Connective
Oriented farther away from the midline of the body
Lateral
Located on the front side of a structure
Anterior
Fluid found in extracellular spaces between tissues
interstitial
Related to opposite sides of the body
Contralateral
Type of membrane that lines open body cavities
Mucous
Hollow space within a larger structure
Cavity
Relative to or situated within the body
Deep
Oriented toward or near the midline of the body
Medial
Directional term meaning nearer to the point of reference, usually toward the trunk of the body
Proximal
Related to the same side of the body
Ipsilateral or Homolateral
Situated below or toward the tail en
Inferior
Chemicals, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms
How the body is organized from least complex to most complex
Located on the right side of the subject’s body or structure
Right
Prefix meaning within or inside
Endo-