| The countries of this region have been plagued by civil wars over their rich natural recources, | sub-saharan africa |
| Divided along religious lines as the result of decolonization. | South Asia |
| Slash-and-burn agriculture leading to the loss of rainforest is a major political issue in this region. | Latin America |
| This region has seen a decade-long civil war over the Panguna copper mine. | Oceania |
| Balkanization along national lines has characterized this region. | Eastern Europe |
| The single most important physical variable unifying this region is aridity | Middle East |
| The Canadian Shield and the Great Plains are two major physiographic components | North America |
| Very geologically active region with many earthquakes and volcanoes | Southeast Asia |
| Contains tropical rain forests and one of the world's most extensive freshwater basins | Latin America |
| Hinduism and Buddhism both originated in this region. | South Asia |
| The farming culture of this region was destroyed by collectivization beginning in the 1920s. | Former Soviet Union |
| The Zulu culture can be found in this region. | Sub-Saharan Africa |
| This region is the original home of the Berber culture. | North Africa |
| The cultural concept of Manifest Destiny influenced the development of this region. | North America |
| Mainly agricultural | Rural |
| Urban | Mainly Industrial |
| Urban | High population density |
| Suburban | moderate population density |
| rural | sporadically populated |
| Functional Region | Crossing into the Metropolitan Chicago area. |
| formal region | Crossing from one state to another |
| perceptual region | Going to an ethnic neighborhood |
| formal region | Driving into Canada from the U.S. |
| Subtropical | Hot summer; mild but distinct winters |
| Subtropical | 20-35 degrees latitude |
| Tundra | 60 degrees and higher latitude |
| Tundra | Frost anytime; short growing season; limited vegetation |
| Continental | Short, hot summers; severe winters |
| Continental | 45-60 degrees latitude |
| Tropical | Warm; temperature change less than 5 degrees; no cold season |
| Tropical | 0-20 degrees latitude |
| Which of the following regions would be prone to earthquakes? | Western South America and Japan and southern asia. |
| Which characteristics make the U.S. West Coast particularly prone to earthquakes? | Along an active fault and Along a shifting tectonic plate |
| Interaction of plant and animal life in a particular environment | What is the definition of the term ecosystem? |
| Particulate matter such as plant pollens are carried back and forth between North America and South America by migrating Barn Swallows | What statement is an example of how an ecosystem can have global effects? |
| Spatial arrangement of people | What is population distribution? |
| Process in which the settlement frontier is eliminated through the creation of trade area | What is an example of spatial integration? |
| Settlement of populations in a geographic location over a given period of time | the process in which population distribution occurs? |
| U.S. migration to California occurred before the settlement of the Plains region | While there are some other contributing factors, the granting of statehood generally
paralleled the level of population growth due to regional migration.
What can be concluded on the basis of the data on the map? |
| Climatic conditions
Transportation routes
Cultivatable land
Physical conditions | A group of pioneers has traveled across North America in search of a home. They finally settle on some land north of present-day Nebraska because it is close to a major river, can be farmed, has a long growing season, and receives plenty of rain.
Which of the following factors influenced the pioneers’ decision to settle where they did? |
| Create obstacles that make communication and exchange difficult
Create food shortages that result in warfare or conflict | How might geography directly affect relations among population subgroups? |
| Developing Nations | Industrial production index values have increased more rapidly |
| Developing Nations | Contains an increasingly large share of the world population |
| Developing nations | Uses less inanimate energy and must rely principally on human or animal power |
| Developed Nations | Primary sector of the population works in industry or service |
| Developed nations | The two age groups of 15 or younger and 65 and older are approximately equal |
| Low per capita Gross National Income
Increasing level of industrialization | Which of the following are characteristics of developing nations? |
| Panama
Haiti
Senegal | Which of the following can be categorized as developing nations? |
| People interacting with their natural surroundings | What is direct human-environment interaction? |
| Damming the river for hydroelectric power
Boating on the river for recreation
Transporting goods on ships on the river
Swimming in the river
Constructing houses along the river shore
Building a bridge across the river | Which of the following represent human-environment interaction with a river? |
| natural resources | Materials used by humans that are not made by humans |
| renewable resources | A resource that can be replenished |
| Deforestation | The spread of arid conditions and loss of vegetation |
| pollution | Contamination of the environment |
| Favorable trade balances
Use of advanced technology
High rates of literacy | Which of the following are characteristics of nations whose populations enjoy substantial access to necessary resources? |
| Carbon dioxide buildup
Topsoil loss | direct consequences of deforestation? |
| Building a house using lumber
Planting crops on the farm
Using wind power in manufacturing | Which of the following are examples of direct use of natural resources? |
| nonrenewable | fossil fuels |
| nonrenewable | minded products |
| renewable | wind energy |
| renewable | soil fertility |
| Location
Place
Human/environmental interaction
Regions
Movement | What are the five themes of geography? |
| Cartography | Which of the following is the science of mapmaking? |
| The angles east and west of the prime meridian | What does longitude measure? |
| Number of people per unit area | What is population density? |
| 10,000 | A country has 100 square miles of land and a population of 1 million people.
What is the population density per square mile of the country?
Round to the nearest whole number. |
| Prime Meridian - 1
Arctic circle - 5
equator - 2
international date line - 4 | Numbers correspond to the thick black lines they are adjacent to.
Match each line with its corresponding number.
Select your answer from the pull-down list. |
| Establishes the point of measure for longitude | What is the purpose of the prime meridian? |
| Two consecutive calendar days | What does the international date line separate? |
| 46º N 30° E | What is the absolute location of the city of Odessa? |
| The southern shore of the Crimean peninsula on the Black Sea | What is the relative location of the city of Y |
| The tropical environment is home to disease-causing parasites.
The fresh water sources in the tropics house parasites that cause dysentery. | In the 1800s the British attempted to colonize West Africa. Tropical diseases caused heavy losses of men and horses as they attempted to travel up the Niger River. Their attempts to colonize the area initially failed.
Which of the following explains how geography affected the British attempts at colonization in West Africa? |
| All lines of latitude are parallel to the Equator.
Lines of latitude intersect with lines of longitude at perpendicular, right angles.
Latitude measures angular distance north and south of the Equator.
Lines of latitude encircle the earth extending east and west. | Latitude |
| 0° longitude | Identify which of the following coordinates best corresponds to the absolute location of the Equator. |
| 180° | Identify which of the following coordinates best corresponds to the absolute location of the International Date Line. |
| 66.5° N | Identify which of the following best coordinates corresponds to the absolute location of the Arctic Circle. |
| 23.5° S | Identify which of the following best coordinates corresponds to the absolute location of the Tropic of Capricorn. |
| 0° latitude | Identify which of the following coordinates best corresponds to the absolute location of the Prime Meridian. |
| 66.5° S | Identify which of the following coordinates best corresponds to the absolute location of the Antarctic Circle. |
| 23.5° N | Identify which of the following coordinates best corresponds to the absolute location of the Tropic of Cancer. |
| Human-Environment Interaction | Acid deposition (“acid rain”) best relates to which of the following five themes of Geography? |
| Consistently wet year-round | Within the climate classification scheme, the term ‘humid’ refers to climates that are: |
| Consistently dry year-round | Within the climate classification scheme, the terms ‘desert’ or ‘arid’ refer to climates that are: |
| winter solstice | study the figure below, which indicates the point at which the North Pole is tilted furthest away from the sun. Which seasonal event for the Northern Hemisphere is depicted in this figure above? |
| Mediterranean climate | Which of the following climate types best corresponds to a mid-latitude region that experiences seasonal variation between hot, dry summers and a cool, wet winters? |
| Humid Continental exhibits a warm summer and cold winter, whereas Subarctic exhibits a mild summer and frigid winter. | Which of the following statements most accurately describes the key difference between Humid Continental and Subarctic climates? |
| arid conditions | conditions are most likely to be found on the leeward side of a mountain, as a result of orographic uplift and precipitation patterns? |
| seasonally-humid tropical | climate types best corresponds to the annual temperature and precipitation characteristics represented in the figure below? |
| Colombia (10-15° North) | Which of the following countries is located within the latitudinal range for the climate type depicted in the figure preceding item #8, above? |
| Intertropical convergence zone | Which of the following atmospheric phenomena best accounts for why humid conditions tend to predominate near the equator? |
| Low latitude (0-23.5° N/S) | Seasonally-humid tropical |
| Mid latitude (24-66° N/S) | Humid Continental |
| Polar latitude (66.5-90° N/S) | Tundra |
| Mid latitude (24-66° N/S) | Humid subtropical |
| Mid latitude (24-66° N/S) | Humid tropical |
| Mid latitude (24-66° N/S) | Subarctic |
| Mid latitude (24-66° N/S) | Mediterranean |
| Humid, low-latitude regions in Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia | slash-and-burn agriculture can be expected to occur in which one of the following regions? |
| Desertification has resulted in a 20% decrease in the size of the Arctic Tundra over the past 50 years. | which one of the following statements LEAST accurately describes this human-environment interaction |
| Grassland, savanna, shrubland | Which one of the following biomes is most likely to occur in a Mediterranean climate? |
| Tropical forest | Which one of the following biomes is most likely to occur in the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)? |
| Tundra | Which one of the following biomes is most likely to occur within the range of 65°-80° N/S latitude? |
| humid continental | Which one of the following climate types is most likely to occur where a mid-latitude deciduous forest biome is present? |
| Regional | Seasonal monsoons in India brought on by shifts in the Intertropical Convergence Zone cause populations of producers and herbivores to temporarily increase. |
| global | Global warming brought on by increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere causes widespread disruptions to the timing and coordination of seasonal, reproductive events, such as pollination between flowers and bees. |
| local | The elimination of predators, such as coyotes, bobcats and mountain lions, by humans in urban areas leads to an overabundance of deer, squirrels and raccoons in these communities. |
| Tropical forest | Humid tropical |
| Grassland, savanna, shrubland | Seasonally-humid tropical |
| Grassland, savanna, shrubland | Semi-arid |
| Mid-latitude forest: Broadleaf deciduous | Humid subtropical |
| Grassland, savanna, shrubland | Mediterranean |
| Mid-latitude forest: Broadleaf deciduous Mid-latitude forest: Boreal | Marine West Coast |
| Mid-latitude forest: Boreal | Subartic |
| a geological process in which one edge of a crustal plate is forced sideways and downward into the mantle below another plate | subduction |
| the act of moving away in different direction from a common point | divergence |
| the transfer of heat through a fluid (liquid or gas) caused by molecular motion | convection |
| In the middle of the oceans | Based on Figure 3-5a, where are divergent plate boundaries most likely to occur? |
| Along the edges of continental plates | Based on Figure 3-5a, where are subduction zones most likely to occur? |
| Northeast | Based on Figure 3-5a, what is the general direction in which the African plate is moving? |
| East | Based on the information provided in the figure below, which direction is the Juan de Fuca plate moving? |
| East Asia
Western South America
Southeast Asia
Western North America | ‘Ring of Fire’ is a term used to describe the perimeter of the Pacific Ocean, a global hotspot for earthquakes and volcanoes where 80% of the world’s tectonic activity occurs. Based on Figure 3-5b, below, select the FOUR regions that constitute the Ring of Fire. |
| Tectonic activity in the form of earthquakes and volcanoes occurs along all types of plate boundaries. However, based on the patterns evident in Figure 3-5b, this activity is most concentrated along convergent-subduction boundaries, like those found within the Ring of Fire. | discuss your observations about the relationship between the plate boundaries and tectonic activity (earthquakes and volcanoes). Which type of plate boundary seems to exhibit the greatest tectonic activity? |
| Whereas, plate boundaries are gaps that occur BETWEEN two distinct plates, faults are cracks, or fractures, that occur WITHIN a plate. Faults are most commonly found near plate boundaries, since this is where stress and pressure from plate movements is most concentrated. However, faults can also occur within the interior of plates themselves, hundreds or even thousands of miles away from any plate boundaries. This explains why there are sometimes smaller earthquakes in the interior of North America (such as in Oklahoma or Missouri). These are regions located near internal fractures, or faults, within the North American Plate. | discuss the difference between plate boundaries and faults. |
| Hiking through the forest to go on a birdwatching outing
Setting out a bird feeder to attract birds to your backyard
Mimicking a bird mating call in order to attract a specific species to your area | Which of the following examples illustrate the concept of human-environment interaction, according to how it is defined in the Five Themes of Geography? |
| wind, iron | examples that qualify as a natural resource |
| Biomass fuel | NOT considered a fossil fuel? |
| Industrial emissions of sulfur and nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere | Which of the following human activities is most directly responsible for acid deposition? |
| incomplete and inefficient fuel combustion in factories and vehicles
Release of particulate matter, such as dust and smoke ash, into the atmosphere | TWO choices are leading causes of air pollution in highly urbanized areas? |
| Agriculture | which of the following choices is the leading consumer of water globally, as well as the leading cause of water pollution? |
| developing | The majority of Country A’s labor force works in agriculture and other primary sector industries. |
| developed | The largest sector of Country B’s economy is domestic, service-based industries. |
| developed | Country C enjoys a trade surplus by importing mainly raw, natural resources, and exporting mainly finished, manufactured products. |
| developing | Country D is rapidly undergoing industrialization, as its economy shifts from being primarily agricultural-based to primarily manufacturing-based. |
| developing | Country E has a GNI PPP of $5000, a life expectancy of 60 years old, a literacy rate of 68%, and a per capita rate of energy consumption that is below the global average. |
| developing | Country F experiences a trade deficit due to the absence of a robust, domestic manufacturing sector. |
| developed | The largest sectors of Country G’s economy are service, information and advanced manufacturing industries. |
| secondary | Steel fabrication |
| primary | Mining and timber |
| teritiary | Business and information technology |
| primary | Livestock production |
| teritiary | research and healthcare |
| developed | Total fertility rate of 1.7 |
| developing | Rate of natural population growth of 2.4% annually |
| developeing | Age structure of 44% youth dependents, 38% working age adults, and 18% elderly dependents |
| developed | Share of older workers exiting the workforce due to retirement exceeds the share of younger workers entering the workforce |
| developed | Age structure of 15% youth dependents, 66% working age adults, and 19% elderly dependents |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | Which of the following regions currently exhibit the highest rates of total fertility and natural growth? |
| industrilization | Which of the following processes is most directly responsible for the development and growth of modern cities, since the 18th century? |
| Historically, suburbs have functioned as industrial centers for manufacturing production. | statements does not accurately describe U.S. suburbs. |
