| Bivalvia and Cephalopoda | 2 classes of Mollusca |
| no head, no radula, 2 shells w/ hinge, filter feed with siphons | Bivalvia external featers |
| cilia and mucous to the mouth | how does the incurrent siphon move particles into the organism |
| external | what kind of fertilization do bivalvia have |
| arms or tenticles/ siphon | in Cephalopoda, what is the anterior portion of the foot modified into? |
| external;, internal, absent | 3 types of cephalopoda shells: |
| the mucous will enlarge the mantle cavity to aid respiration | In cephalopoda: what does the mucus in the matle do? |
| Statocysts: it is at the base of the brain and it detects gravity through vibrations- fluid filled | In cephalopoda, what is the balance organ called? |
| Polyshaeta, Oligochaeta and Hirudinea | what are the 3 main classes of Annelida? |
| segmented body:similar segments called septa, each septa has mpst organ systems- can regenerate | what is metamerism? |
| yes | Do Annelida have a well developed coelomic cavity? |
| Nephridia | In Annelida: what are the excretory tubules called that are in each segment? |
| a protective cuticle | In Annelida: what does the epidermis secrete? |
| allows complex structure/function(body-wall muslces) coelom is dived into fluid filled compartments which creates the hydrostatic skeleton- this is good for muscle contrction | What is the significance of metamerism in Annelida |
| muscle contraction | in Annelida: What is the hydrostatic skeleton good for? |
| Annelida | What phylum does Polychaeta belong to? |
| first segment in annelida body | What does the prostomium consist of in Polychaeta? |
| at each metamere (segment) | Where are parapodia located? |
| gas exchange and locomotion | 2 functions of parapodia? |
| chitin | what are the setea bristles on parapodia made of? |
| marine- benthic | Where do Polychaeta live? |
| the dorsal vessel(bld to anterior) and ventral vessel (bld to posterior) | what are the two blood vessels in polychaeta called? |
| a tubule opening to the exterior which acts as an organ of excretion | what are nephrida? |
| It runs the length of the body with lateral nerves and ganglia in each segment | In polychaeta, where is the ventral nerve cord? |
| trochophore larva - free living | what kind of larva do polychaeta produce? |
| predatory-nocturnal-mobile | some things about clam worms: |
| hollow setae which are poisonous- feed on corals/anemonoes | some things about fireworms |
| sedentary-crown of radules, have cilia to direct food to mouth, live in a tube | some things about fanworms |
| love in chitin tubes, absord nutrients through tentivles, nutrition from symbiotic bacteria in the worm | some things about pogonophorans |
| live in hydrothermal vents, fastest growing invert, no gut tract | some things about lipstick worms |
| Annelida | Which phylum do Oligochaeta belong to? |
| yes- they are short | Do oligochaeta have setae? |
| it is a mucus producing organ that helps in sperm exchange, it is also helpful in developing egg cocoons | What is the clitellum? |
| in the epidermis | Oligochaeta: where does gas exchage occure? |
| The septum is a mesoderm that divides segments | Oligochaeta: What is the septum? |
| 2 | Oligochaeta: how many nephrida at each metamere? |
| no- but they can photodetect | do oligochaeta have eyes? |
| freshwater,marine. terrestrial | Where does class Hirudinea live? |
| on the anterior and posterior ends | where are the sucjers on hirudinea |
| the move with their suckers | How do hirudinea move? |
| ceca | Hirudinea: what breaks down undigested food? |
| no | do hirudiea what a fluid filled coelom? |
| shedding old skin | what is ecdysis |
| ecdysone | What is the molting steroid hormone called? |
| no | does phylum menatoda have cilia? |
| it allows the animal to resist external pressure | Nematoda: why is the pseudocoelom water filled? |
| the pseudocoelomate and cuticle... aids in circulation and the dispersal of nutrients | what makes up the hydrostatic skeleton in nematoda? |
| collogen, which is secreted by the epidermis | what is the outer cuticle in nematoda made of? |
| 2- they run the length of the body | how many nerve cords do nematoda have? |
| skin/oral routes adults develp in sm intestine- suck blood- anticoagulent is secreted which prevents blood clotting | hookworms: |
| eggs mature in soil and hatch in intestine | Round worm: |
| causes trichinosis, fr. cysts in pork, juvenilles encyst human skeletal muscles | Trichina worm: |
| mature in lrg intestine, females come out at night to lay eggs, need 02 | Pinworm: |
| elephantitus, livein lymphatic vessels, spread by mosquitoes | Filarial worms |
| lives under skin | Guinea worm |
| insects | Phylum Nematomorpha are parasitic to what? |
| no | Do arthropoda have septa bt. internal segments? |
| Chitin: which is a nitrogenous polysacharide bound w/ protein | arthropoda: what is the cuticle made of? |
| arthropoda, called tracheae | What phylum have internal breathing tubes? |
| protective exoskeleton, segmentation/striated muscles=efficient locomotion, tracheal system, metamorphosis reduces competition | How are Arthropoda high in diversity and abundance? |
| Ecdysozoa | What clade is the phylum arthropoda on? |
| merostomata, Pycnoganida, arachnida | What are the classes in subphylum Chelicerata? |
| chilopeoda and diplopoda | What classes are in subphylum Myriapoda? |
| Chelicerae | in Cheliceata, what are the moth parts modified into? |
| no | Do Chelicerata have antennae? |
| horseshoe crabs: subphylum Chelicerata | What are class Merostomata and what subphylum do they belong to? |
| they are sea spiders and they belong to subphylum Chelicerata | what are class pycnoganida and what subphylum do they belong to? |
| they suck juices from cnidarians and soft bodied organisms with their proboscis | what do Pyconogandia eat? |
| head+thorax+appendages | what is a cephalothorax |
| Arachnida | which class of Chelicerata has a muscular pharynx |
| chelicerae | in spiders what are modified into fangs? |
| silk threads produced by silk glands in spiders | what are scleroproteins? |
| pedipalp modified to claws, detect prey through vibrations | Scorpians: |
| 2 | how many eyes do daddyonglegs have? |
| Chilopoda and Diplopoda | What are the classes in subphylum Myriapoda? |
| 2 | how many legs on each segement do diplopoda have |
| rostrum, carapace (cephalothorax and abdomen) | in subphylum Crustacea: what does the tagmata consist of |
| chitin, CaCo3 and protein | in subphylum crustacea: what is the cuticle made of? |
| antennules, antenea, mandibles, maxillaemaxilliped and walking legs | Crustacea: what does the cephalothorax consist of: |
| on the abdomen | where are swimmerets? |
| stirated- for fast/strong movement | what kinds of muscles do crustaceans have? |
| antennal gland releases urine, waste diffuses through thin parts of cuticle | Crustacea: how does the excretory system work? |
| in antennules or urupods | Where are the statocysts in crustaceans? |
| Oxegenated haemolymph enters fr. pericardial sinus vis ostia. Haemoolymph contains ameoboid cells | Crustacean open circulatory system: |
| dioecious | Are crustaceans dioecious or monoecious? |
| handle and ingest food | what do mandibles and maxillae do? |
| capture/hold food | what d maxillipeds and chelipeds do? |
| Crustacea | WHat subphylum of Arthropoda have calcareos teeth in their stomach |
| Branchiopoda, Maxillopoda and Malacostraca | what are the classes in subphylum Crustacea |
| FW legs flat | class Brachiopoda features: |
| lack appendages on abdominal segments | class Maxillopoda features |
| class Maxillopoda, subphylum crustacea: do not have a carapace, ovisacs attach to body | what class and subphylum are copepods in |
| Maxillopoda: braod carapace, 1st maxillae modified to suction cups | what class are fish lice in? |
| Maxillopoda: carapace secretes calcareous plates, thoric legs modified into long cirri to filter feed | what class are barnacles in? features? |
| Crustacea: soft shell, isopods, amphipods, krill, decapods(lobsters/crabs) | what subphylum do Malacostraca belong to? featers? |
| Hexapoda | what subphylum do class insecta belong to? |
| head thorax and abdomen | Insecta: what does the tagmata include? |
| 3 | how many pairs of legs do insecta have |
| Chitin and scleroproteins | What is the cuticle made of in insecta? |
| Insecta | Which class of arthropoda have 3 of 6 legs on the ground @ once |
| yes | Do insecta have striated muscles? |
| Membranous extension of the cuticle | What are wings? |
| haemolymph, dorsal, diffuses, haemocoel | Insects: Heart moves ____ into ____ aorta and "sloshes it around. It then ____ back through ________ |
| Filters haemolymph and produces nitrogenous waste as uric acid which is passes to rectum for disposal | Insecta: What do Malpighian tubules do? |
| tracheal system | What is the repiratory system for Insecta? |
| network, thin, tubules, throughout | Tracheal system: extensive _____ of ___walled______ that branch _______the body |
| Tracheoles | What penetrates the cells in the Tracheal system? |
| Spiracles | In the Tracheal system, what opens the tubes to the outside? |
| Prevent water loss | In the tracheal system, what do valves do? |
| Many ommatidia | Insecta: what is the compound eye made up of? |
| Ocelli | Insecta: in the compound eye, what detects light intensisty and photoperiod? |
| Complete metamorphosis, hatch as larva, oult through instars to pupa then moult to adult | What is a Holometabolous insect |
| Incomplete/gradual metamorphosis, hatch as nymphs, moult through several instars to adult | What is a Hemimetabalous insect? |
| Grasshopper, criscket, mantid, dragonfly, cockroach | Name some Hemimetabolous insects: |
| beetle, butterfly, moths, flies, fleas, bees | Name some Holometabolous insects? |
| Mimicry, Aposematic colouration, crypsis, thick exoskeleton, bad odoues, taste bad, irritating spray, stingers | Name some defense mechanisms of insecta |
| Aseroidea, Ophiuroidea, Echinoidea, Holothuroidea and Crinidea | Name the 5 classes in phylum Echinodermata |
| ossicles | Echinoderms: spiny calcareous plates are called |
| connected to water vascular system | what is the Madreporite |
| tiny pincers that clean the body, some have poison | What are Pedicellariae? |
| Madreporite, Stone canal, Ring canal, Radial Canal, Ampulle and Podia | Mad Shit Rock & Roll And Party |
| Madreporite, Srone canal, ring canal, radial canal, Ampulle, Podia | water goes in through____, which is connected to the ______, which is joined to the _____, which connected _____ and ______ and____ |
| it is a muscular sack in the water vascular system of Echinodermata | What is Ampulle |
| 2: Cardiac stomach, Pyloric stomach | How many stomachs do Asteroidea have? what are they called |
| on each arm | Where are the gonads on Asteroidea? |
| oral surface, aboral surface, radial | after the larvae stage which have bilateral symmetry: left side becomes____ and right side becomes____ to make the adult have _____ symmetry |
| soft skin for gas exchange in Asteroidea | What are Papulae? |
| Ammonia | What diffuses out of Papulae |
| NO | Do class Ophiuroidea have Papulae or Pedicellaria? |
| Sea lillies and Feather stars | What 2 animals are in class Crinoidea? |
| Holothuroidea | Whcih class in Echindodermata have reduced Ossicles |
| Holothuroidea | Which class have modified their tube feet around their mouth into tenticles? |
| Holothuridea | Which class have pearl fish in their rectum? |
| notochord | chrdates: what is the first part of the endoskeleton formed in the embryo? |
| notochord | chordates: what acts as an axis for muscle attachment? |
| Dorsal nerve cord | What allows for increased size of CNS in chordates? |
| the brain | the anterior end of the dorsal nerve cord becomes what? |
| Pharyngeal gills | what is used for filter feeding in protochordates? |
| Endostyle | What secrestes mucous on the ciliated groove on the floor of the pharynx, that is good for food trapping and movement to the stomach |
| Endostyle | What secretes hormones that regulates the metabolic rate in chordates? |
| marine only | Where does subphylum Urochordata live? |
| notochord, dorsal nerve cord and tail | what will an adult urochordate lose prior to becoming sedentary? |
| cellulose | what is the tunic made of in urochordates? |
| bad tunicate | what are Didemnum? |
| urochordate- gelly | what is a sea salp |
| sandy/shelly substrate | In what kind of environment do cephalochordates live? |
| cephalochordates | which subphylum of chordates have all 5 hallmark chordate characteristics as adults? |
