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level: Structure and role of the processor and its components

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Structure and role of the processor and its components

QuestionAnswer
What does the ALU do?Performs arithmetic and logic operations
What is the role of the control unit?Controls all the differnt parts of the processor
Why are registers really effective for the CPU?The CPU needs very fast accessible memory and registers are vert fast memory
What are the 5 special purpose registers?PC (Program counter) CIR (Current instruction register) MAR (Memory address register) MBR (Memory buffer register) SR (Status register)
What does the special register PC do?Used to hold the memory address of the next or the current instruction to be executed in the fetch-execute cycle Must say both current and next ^
What does the CIR register do?Holds the instruction that is currently being executed by the processor
What does the memory address register do?Stores the memory address of a memory location that is to be read from or written to
What does the special MBR register do?Holds the contents of a memory location that has been read from or data that is to be stored.
What does the status register register do?Contains a number of bits, the values of which can change to indicate the occurrence of an interrupt.
What does the SR special purpose register stand for?Status register
What do the special purpose registers MBR, MAR and CIR stand for?Memory buffer register Memory address register Current instruction register
What does the system clock do?Synchronises the components
What is a register?A memory/storage location inside the processor
By how much would adding just one wire to the address bus increase the memory sizeno. wires X 2^1
What mathematically effectively is logic shiftingDoubling or halving
Describe what a word is to the processorThe group of bits that is treated as a single unit by the processor
What is a core responsible for in a processor?Completing the Fetch-Execute cycle
What 4 ways can the processor execute data?Reading operand data in to the accumulator from the RAM Performing arithmetic on operand data Performing logical functions (conditionals / loops) Writing data from the accumulator to the RAM
What is the role of the processor?To execute program instructions in order to run applications
Name two types of main memory1. Random access memory (RAM) 2. Read only memory (ROM)