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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

QuestionAnswer
All of the following are functions of lactic acid in sweat except?Produce a scent that influences behavior
All of the following are signs of a first degree burn except?Blisters
All of the following describe the nail plate except?Nail root
All of the following statements describe the dermis except?The dermis is the skin's most superficial layer
How can we determine the extent of a burn in relation to the body's surface area?The rule of nines
How do vitamins A and C contribute to healthy skin?Help with collagen production
How does the process of sweating help the body regulate temperature?Sweat produced on the skin will evaporate and cool the body if body temperature is too high
The arrangement of what feature in the dermis creates unique fingerprints?Papillae
What are the two ways in which wounds heal?Regeneration and fibrosis
What factors affect hair texture?The shaft's cross-sectional shape
What is the function of collagen fibers in the skin?Strength
What is the function of dendritic cells in the skin?To protect the skin from pathogens
What is the purpose of cornification?To form a durable, waterproof layer on the surface of the skin
What type of burn is also referred to as a partial thickness burn?Second-degree burn
Which type of hair is very fine, unpigmented, and forms on the developing fetus?Lanugo
What type of infection causes warts?Virus
What type of skin cancer starts in the melanocytes?Malignant melanoma
Which of the following answer choices correctly lists the ABCDEs of skin cancer?Asymmetry, border, color, diameter, evolving
Which of the following CFs means nail?onych/o
Which of the following is a sign of a third degree burn?Charring
Which of the following statements is not a description of how the skin protects the body?All of these are descriptions of how the skin protects the body
Which statement incorrectly describes a change in skin as it ages?Blood vessels are quicker to respond to temperature regulation
Which type of skin cancer is the most common?Basal cell carcinoma
Wounds that heal by fibrosis result in what?The wound is healed with scar tissue and normal function is not restored.
Wounds that heal by regeneration result in what?The wound is healed with the same tissue that was damaged and normal function is restored.
All of the following cells in the blood have DNA except?Erythrocytes
Hemoglobin transports all of the following except?Hydroxyl ions
How is blood type determined?By the antigens on the blood cell's surface
How long do RBCs typically survive?110-120 days
If Amy has type AB blood, what blood type can she receive?All the answers are correct
If a pregnant woman has Rh-, which of the following statements is true about her blood?All of the statements are true
If you spin a tube of blood in a centrifuge, what is the bottom layer of blood composed of?Red blood cells
If you spin a tube of blood in a centrifuge, which component of the blood is the heaviest?Red blood cells
If you spin a tube of blood in a centrifuge, which component of the blood is the most abundant?Plasma
What blood test gives a percentage of each leukocyte of the total number of leukocytes in blood?White blood cell differential
What blood test measures the percentage of erythrocytes to whole blood?Hematocrit
Which disorder is characterized by an alternate form of hemoglobin that changes the shape of the red blood cell?Sickle cell
What factor causes the production of red blood cellsErythropoietin
What happens to the heme when hemoglobin is broken down by the liver and spleen?It is broken down to iron and bilirubin
What happens when two non-compatible blood types are mixed together?Agglutination
What is a thrombus?A stationary, unnecessary clot
What is an embolus?A moving, unnecessary clot
What is hemopoiesis?The production of blood cells
What is serum?Plasma with clotting factors removed
What makes hemoglobin a buffer?Hemoglobin binds H+ ions
What produces thrombopoietin?Kidney
What term describes the antibodies found in plasma?Globulin
What type of anemia can be caused by the destruction of red blood cells?Hemolytic anemia
What type of anemia can be caused by the lack of intrinsic factor from the stomach that allows vitamin B12 to be absorbed?Pernicious anemia
Where does leukopoiesis occur?Red bone marrow
What blood type is considered a universal donor because it can be given to anyone?O
Which disorder describes a condition of too many blood cells?Polycythemia
Which disorder is an inherited disorder characterized by the inability to make one or more clotting factors?Hemophilia
Which disorder is not considered a cancer of the blood?Thrombocytopenia
Which disorder results from insufficient RBCs or hemoglobin to carry enough oxygen to maintain homeostasis?Anemia
Which nutrient important to the blood allows for the hemoglobin in RBCs to carry oxygen?Iron
Which of the following CFs means blood?Hemat/o
Which of the following CFs means eat or swallow?Phag/o
Which of the following CFs means primitive?blast/o
Which of the following leukocytes become macrophages and phagocytize dead and dying tissue, microorganisms, and any other foreign matter or debris?Monocytes
Which of the following leukocytes is the most abundant in circulating blood?Neutrophils
Which of the following leukocytes releases histamine to promote inflammation and heparin as an anticoagulant?Basophils
Which of the following would not be considered a formed element of blood?Plasma
Which organs function to remove old, worn out red blood cells?Liver and spleen
Which term describes the prompt constriction of a broken vessel?Vascular spasm
Endocrine cells in the duodenum secrete what hormone?Secretin
Hydrochloric acid in the stomach has what pH?0.8
What chemical in saliva partially breaks down carbs during the process of mastication?Amylase
What digestive disorder is characterized by chronic gastric reflux?GERD
What does the CF peps/o mean?Digestion
What helps complete lipid digestion by emulsifying fats?Bile
What hormone tells the gallbladder to contract and release its bile through the cystic duct to the common bile duct?Cholecystokinin
Which hormone tells the pancreas to release bicarbonate ions to neutralize the acidic chyme?Secretin
What is chyme?All of the answers are correct
What is the CF for vomit?Emet/o
What is the function of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?All of the answers are correct
What is the function of intrinsic factor?Allows vitamin B12 to be absorbed
What is the function of pepsin in the stomach?Partially breaks down proteins
What is the pH in saliva?6.8 to 7.0
What is the term used for swallowing?Deglutination
What is the term used for the process of chewing?Mastication
What is the term used for wavelike contractions that move the bolus along the length of the esophagus?Peristalsis
What structure in the oral cavity directs materials downward to the pharynx?Uvula
Where are the submandibular salivary glands?Inferior to the angle of the mandible on each side
Where does the blood from the capillaries of the stomach and intestine go next?Liver
Which answer choice below is considered the afferent sensory neuron in the reflex arc for defecation?Stretch receptors in the rectal wall
Which answer choice refers to the intake of food into the digestive system?Ingestion
Which answer choice lists the parts of the small intestine in the correct order?Duodenum, jejunum, ileum
Which cells produce gastrin?Endocrine cells
Which cells produce hydrochloric acid?Parietal cells
Which cells produce intrinsic factor?Parietal cells
Which cells secrete highly alkaline mucus to protect the stomach walls from the hostile environment caused by the acid and digestive enzymes produced in the stomach?Mucous cells
Which cells secrete pepsinogen and gastric lipase in the stomach?Chief cells
Which CF means gums?gingiv/o
Which cranial nerve is not required for deglutition?Cranial nerve XI
Which digestive parasite crawls out of the anus to lay eggs, which causes an itching sensation?Pinworms
Which disorder occurs when the contents in the abdomen protrude through a weak portion in the abdominal wall?Abdominal hernia
Which ligament of the liver is a remnant or leftover piece of the umbilical vein?Round ligament
Which ligament of the liver is a sheet of mesentery that suspends the liver from the diaphragm and anterior abdominal wall?Falciform ligament
Which of the following CFs means colon?Col/o
Which of the following CFs means liver?Hepat/o
Which of the following CFs means tongue?Gloss/o
Which of the following is not an effect of aging on the digestive system?The rate of movement through the large intestine increases with age
Which organ has both a digestive function and an endocrine function?Pancreas
What is the most superficial layer of the epidermis?Stratum corneum
The CF enter/o refers to:Intestine
The CF gastr/o refers to the:Stomach or abdomen
Which organism can cause food poisoning that results in nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting, which occurs 1-6 hours after eating the contaminated food?Staphylococcus
Which part of the small intestine is lined with Peyer's Patches?Ileum
Which sphincter controls the opening from the esophagus to the stomach?Cardiac
Which sphincter regulates the passage of materials to the duodenum?Pyloric
What structure forms the roof of the oral cavity?Palate
What kind of test measures the ratio of the volume of red blood cells to the total volume of blood?Hematocrit