| Describe how the clinical trials should be carried out. | 1) live skin cells grown in lab - tests efficacy and side effects
2) animals - moniters side effects
3) healthy volunteers - safety
4) ill patients - ensure safety, if it works, gradualy increase until optimum dosage |
| Describe the effects of liver failure on the human body. | THESE 4 KEY PROCESSES WONT BE ABLE TO OCCUR:
1) Deammination - ammonia is broken down to urea to be excreted
2) Detoxification - ethanol is detoxified in the liver
3) Bile - Liver contains bile wich emulsifies fats, without this it will take longer to break down
4) Glucose - glycogen |
| What type of defence are thorns | Mechanical |
| What type of defence are poisoness berries? | Chemical |
| Test for glucose. | 1)5cm3 - 10 drops benidict
2)75degrees 5 minutes pointing away
3)blue-green-yellow-brick red |
| Test for starch. | 1)5cm3 - few drops iodine
2)gently shake
3)browny orange-blue black |
| 3 stages of cell cycle. | 1) cell grows, subcellular structures dubplicate, dna duplicates and forms x shaped chromosomes
2)mitosis, chromosomes line up at centre of cell and fibres pull them apart, two arms of each chromosome go on opposite ends, membranes form around them forming 2 nuclei
3)then cytoplasm and cell membrane divide |
