| What does warfarin block | vitamin K epoxide reductase |
| What do patients need to be given when they first start taking warfarin | another anticoagulant |
| Antidote to warfarin | Vitamin K if non emergency |
| Most important factor in intrinsic and extrinsic pathway | Factor X |
| Which drug potentiates the natural affect of antithrombin | Heparin |
| How is heparin effectiveness measured | APTT |
| What type of drug is heparin | IV |
| anti-Xa drugs | (Rivaroxaban, Apixaban and Edoxaban) |
| and the direct thrombin inhibitors | Dabigatran |
| what is Idarucizumab | Mops up dabigatron |
| What may make INR unstable | liver disease, alcoholism, renal failure, on antiplatelet drugs |
| What should you tell DOAC taking patients to do before a non invasive procedure | not take DOAC in the morning |
| what does tranexamic acid do | prevent breakdown of a blood clot |
| Where are clotting factors made | in the liver |
| What does desmopressin do | cause the body to release more vWNF |
| Drugs that reduce platelet function | aspirin, dipyridamole and clopidogrel. |
| What should you do if someoene is on 2 antiplatelet drugs | Consult haemoolosit |
| Bernard Soulier Sydrome, Glanzmann’s Thrombasthaenia and Grey platelet syndrome what are these | hereditary platelet dysfunction syndromes |
| Acquired platelet defects | □ Acquired
◊ Antiplatelet drugs: aspirin, clipidogrel, dipyridamole
◊ Other drugs: anti-epileptics, chemotherapy
◊ Autoimmune: ITP
Bone marrow failure: leukaemia, aplastic anaemia |
| Symtom of mild anaemia | Burning mouth |
| Symtom of severe aneamia | Tongue losing filliform appearance |
| What is pllummer vinson syndrome | Webbing of oesophagus and tongue dystrophy leads to dysphagia |
| haemoglobinopathy is | is when not enough red blood cells are being made/ not properly made |
| Low b12 can cause | □ Peripheral neuropathy
□ Spinal cord dysfunction
□ Optic atrophy
Neurocognitive impairment |
| Renal disease anaemia treated with what | EPO |
| What is this describing- when the body makes autoantibodies to intrinsic factor which binds B12 | pernicous anaemia |
| B12 deficiency can present in the mouth as | Glossitis |
