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level: 5.4 B Lymphocytes and humoral immunity

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level questions: 5.4 B Lymphocytes and humoral immunity

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Humoral Immunity- Immunity involving B cells and antibodies
Antigenic Variability- Viruses have many different strains with different antigens - Different antigens are formed due to changes in the genes of pathogen
B lymphocytes in humoral immunity- B cells make 1 type of antibody so only binds to 1 antigen - Acts as macrophage, engulfs pathogen - B cells processes antigen, presents antigen on its cell-surface membrane - Helper T cells attach to processed antigen, releases cytokines stimulates.. - B cells to divide repeatedly by mitosis (clonal expansion) and differentiate into two cells
Two types of cells produced in clonal expansion- Plasma cells - Memory cells
Plasma cells- Primary Immunity: Plasma cells produce antibodies that inhibit the pathogen
Memory cells- Secondary Immunity: Memory cells produce antibodies that inhibit the pathogen upon second infection