level: LEVEL 2 - POLAR SOLVENTS
Questions and Answers List
POLAR SOLVENTS
level questions: LEVEL 2 - POLAR SOLVENTS
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Things that dissolve in water | • Soluble ionic compounds • Acids – start with H except H2O, H2O2 • Bases – Metal + OH and NH3 • Polar covalent molecules |
| Solvent-Solute Interactions Types | • Polar solvents • Nonpolar solvents • Semipolar solvents |
| • Dissolve ionic solutes and other polar substances | Polar solvents |
| o Mixes in all proportions with alcohol o Dissolve sugars o Dissolves other polyhydroxy compounds | Water |
| Solubility according to Hildebrand | • Solubility is the ability of the solute to form hydrogen bonds, and not merely on its polarity |
| Water dissolves __ | phenols, alcohol, aldehydes, ketones, amines, and other oxygen and nitrogen containing compounds |
| Solubility according to Lewis | • Differences in acidity and basicity character of the constituents contributes to specific interactions in solutions (electron donor-acceptor) • It not about the hydrogen bonding, its more of the electron |
| o As length of nonpolar chain of aliphatic alcohol increases a. the solubility of the compound in water increases b. the solubility of the compound in water decreases | b. the solubility of the compound in water decreases |
| o Straight-chain monohydroxy alcohols, aldehydes, ketones and acids with more than 4 or 5 carbons cannot enter into the hydrogen-bonded structure of water hence, ___ | slightly soluble |
| Things that dissolve in water | • Soluble ionic compounds • Acids – start with H except H2O, H2O2 • Bases – Metal + OH and NH3 • Polar covalent molecules |