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level: Level 1 of wk3a plant metabolism

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1 of wk3a plant metabolism

Question	Answer
are compounds that are commonly produced by all plants and are directly used in plant growth and development. are essential to the plant's survival.	Primary Metabolites
The main primary metabolites are	Carbohydrates Proteins Nucleic Acids Lipids.
are compounds produced in other metabolic pathways that, although important, are not essential to the functioning of the plant. used for 1 defense 2 color 3 signaling & regulation	Secondary metabolites
Most important building blocks for secondary metabolism:	1 Acetyl coenzyme A ( Acetyl-CoA) 2 Shikimic acid 3 Mevalonic acid 4) 1-deoxyxylulose -5-phosphate
it is a molecule that participates in many biochemical reactions in protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Its main function is to deliver the acetyl group to the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) to be oxidized for energy production CoA is acetylated to acetyl-CoA by the breakdown of carbohydrates through glycolysis and by the breakdown of fatty acids through β-oxidation.	Acetyl Co-A
It is a tri-hydroxy cyclohexene carboxylic acid important in biosynthesis of so many compounds.	Shikimic acid
Shikimic acid is a precursor for:	1 aromatic amino acids: phenylalanine and tyrosine,tryptophan 2 indole and its derivatives 3 many alkaloids 4 aromatic metabolites 5 tannins 6 lignin.
links metabolism of carbohydrates to biosynthesis of aromatic compounds in a sequence of seven metabolic steps. found only in microorganisms and plants, never in animals.	Shikimic acid pathway
In pharmaceutical industry, shikimic acid from chinese star anise is used as a base material for production of __	Tamiflu (oseltamivir)
is a key organic compound in biochemistry. It is a precursor in the biosynthetic pathway that produces terpenes and steroids.	Mevalonic Acid -mevalonate pathway
1 The mevalonate pathway is also known as 2 Drugs like statins (which lower levels of cholesterol) stop the production of mevalonate by inhibiting	1 isoprenoid pathway or HMG-CoA reductase pathway (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase 2 HMG-CoA reductase.
pathway leads to terpenoids.	1-deoxyxylulose-5-phosphate / Deoxyxylulose phosphate pathway
are products of photosynthesis, a biologic process that converts electromagnetic energy into chemical energy.	Carbohydrates
2 classes of photosynthetic reactions in plants:	1 Light reactions – converts electromagnetic energy into chemical potential 2 Dark Reactions – or Enzymatic reactions, utilize the energy from light reactions to fix CO2 into sugar.