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level: Reform and Reformers C19th

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Reform and Reformers C19th

Question	Answer
1832	What year was the Great Reform Act passed?
- shorter parliaments - end property qualifications - give the vote to all tax paying men	What was the BPU's petition for? (3)
Thomas Attwood	Who was the leader of the Birmingham Political Union
3	How many times did the House of Lords defeat Earl Grey's attempt for reform act?
- 56 very small locations could no longer elect their own MPs - 30 other smaller towns lose 1 MP - London and other large towns and cities gain more MPs - People who earn over £150 a year can vote - Votes increase from 435,000 to 642,000 - Rotten boroughs removed	What were the terms of the Great Reform Act? (6)
They now had more power and representation	Why was it popular with the middle class?
They couldn't vote because they averaged at around £50 a year	Why was the Great Reform Act unpopular with the working class?
- No secret ballot until 1872, votes were bought and lower class people that could vote had to vote for their factory or land owner - Only 1 in 7 men could vote -No women could vote	Why was the Great Reform Act not so great? (3)
- It proved change was possible - Middle class now able to vote so more change likely -Reduced power of king and landowners	What was the significance of the Great Reform Act? (3)
- First industrialised nation - Middle class growth - couldn't vote - had money but no land - Working class growth - less landworkers needed - factories - Growth of towns and cities - more factories - Bad working and living conditions - Authorities scared of revolution - Communications improved - telegraph, penny post etc	Britain at the start of C19th - Social and Economic (7)
- 2% of people could vote until 1832 - only 1 in 7 people could vote - No secret ballot until 1872 - MPs weren't paid - only wealthy people could afford to be one - No women could vote - Need for government reform - MC wanted more power and WC wanted better living and working conditions	Britain at the start of C19th - Political (5)
- Areas with tiny populations allowed to send in 2 MPs - Old Sarum - Highly populated areas like Birmingham weren't allowed to send in any MPs - no representation	Rotten boroughs (3)
- Areas owned by landowner who decided on the MP - no elections - Malton in Yorkshire and Highram Ferrers in Northamptonshire	Pocket boroughs (2)
- Random rules as to who would vote (nothing standard) - E.g. If you had a fireplace or a lock on your door you could vote - Many working class qualified - Northampton had 1000 voters but St Germans only 20	Potwalloper boroughs (4)
- Until 1872 - Had to shout out your vote - Some votes bought - Most had to vote for who their boss or landowner told them to - No true representation	No secret ballots (5)
- Disastrous for reformers - Gov scared of how big meeting was - Six acts passed - Henry hunt arrested and imprisoned for 2 years - Gov showed strong commitment to reform suppression	Short term consequences of the Peterloo massacre (5)
Henry Hunt	Who did those at the Peterloo massacre gather to hear speak?
- Banned all mass meetings of more than 50 people for radical reform - Flag carrying forbidden - Limited circulation of cheap newspapers - All of the above considered treason - Harder to campaign	what were the Six Acts (5)
- Contributed to political change - All classes appalled by massacre - less support for Liverpool's government - Demonstrators gained moral highground - Many middle class factory owners and cotton merchants joined the reform - Public response was an important factor to the Great Reform Act - more men before had voting rights	Mid-term consequences of the Peterloo massacre (5)
- 15 who died at Peterloo seen as martyrs - WC struggled for rights - Peterloo was battlefield for their campaign - Every Aug 16th - Peterloo victim names read out in Lancashire - Left wing people today still recognise those who risked their lives for democracy and free speech	Long term consequences of the Peterloo massacre