Biology Cell
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Biology Cell - Leaderboard
Biology Cell - Details
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| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| Cell | Fundamental structural and functional unit of life |
| Matthias schneiden | German Botanist |
| Theodore Schwann | British Zoologist |
| Pre existing cells | Omnis cellula-e cellula |
| One of Smallest cells | Mycoplasma |
| Mycoplasma size | 0.3um |
| Bacteria | 3-5um |
| Largest isolated single cell | Ostrich |
| Longest cell | Nerve cell |
| Shape of cell varies with | Function |
| RBC | Round and biconcave |
| WBC | Amoeboid |
| Columnar epithelial cells | Long and narrow |
| Tracheid | Long and narrow |
| Mesophyll cells | Round and oval |
| Nerve cell | Branched and long |
| Typical eukaryotic cell size | 10-20um |
| Virus size | 0.02-0.2um |
| Smallest cell | Pplo |
| Pplo size | 0.1um |
| Size of ribosome | 15nm to 20nm |
| Inclusion bodies eg | Phosphate- granules, cyanophycean granules, glycogen granules |
| Where are gas vacuoles found | Blue -green, purple, and green photosynthetic bacteria |
| Eukaryotes | Protists, plants, animals, fungi |
| Compartmentalisation of cytoplasm | Membrane system |
| Nucleus in eukaryotes | Organised nucleus with nuclear envelope |
| Algae cell wall composition | Cellulose, galactans, mannans, calcium carbonate |
| Other plants cell wall | Cellulose, hemicellulose, pectins, proteins |
| Who first observed Golgi | Camillo Golgi (1898) |
| Densely stained reticular structures, with flat disc -shaped stacks or cisternae placed parallel | Golgi |
| Cisternae diameter | 0.5 to 1um |
| Lysosome | Membrane bound vesicular structures formed buy the packaging process in Golgi |
| Membrane bound sacs in cytoplasm | Vacuoles |
| Vacuoles have | Sap, excretory product and useless products |
| Vacuole bound by single membrance | Tonoplast |
| Contractile vacuole in amoeba | Osmoregulation and excretion |
| Food vacuoles | Phagocytosis of food |
| Not easily visible under microscope | Mitochondrion |
| No of mitochondrion depends on | Physiology of cell |
| Diameter of mito | 0.2-1.0um |
| Length of mito | 1-4.1um |
| Amyloplasts | Store carbohydrates(potato) |
| Elaioplasts | Store oils and fats |
| Aleuroplasts | Store proteins |
| Chloroplasts shape | Lens-shaped |
| Length of chloroplasts | 5-10um |
| Width | 2-4um |
| Green alga has how many chloroplasts | 20-40 per cell |
| Ribosomes | Granular structures |
| Ribosomes first observed by | George Palade(1953) |
| Eukaryotic ribosomes | 60s+40s=80s |
| Prokaryotic ribosomes | 50s+30s=70s |
| Nucleus first discovered | Robert Brown, 1831 |
| What was material of nucleus stained by dye called | Chromatin (by Flemming) |
| Interphase NUCLEUS | Nucleus of a cell when it isn't dividing |
| Metacentric chromosome | MIDDLE CENTROMERE from two equal arms of chromosome |
| Sub metacentric chromosome | Centromere slightly away from the middle of chromosome, resulting in one slightly longer arm and one slightly shorter arm |
| Acrocentric chromosome | Centromere situated very close to its end forming one extremely short and one extremely long arm |
| Telocentric chromosome | Chromosome is present at the terminal end |
| Satellite | Non staining secondary constrictions at constant location. |