Cell Biology
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| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| Desmosome transmembrane protein | Cadherin |
| Focal adhesion transmembrane protein | Integrins |
| Hemidesmosome transmembrane protein | Integrins |
| Gap Junction transmembrane protein | Connexins |
| Tight Junction Transmembrane protein | Claudin, occludin |
| Adherens junctions adapters | P120, alpha and beta catenin, vanculin |
| Desmosome Adapter | Plaquin |
| Focal Adhesion adapter | Talin, kidlin, vinculin |
| Hemidesmosome adapter | Plectin |
| Desmosomes cytoskeletal element | Intermediate filament |
| Hemidesmosome cytoskeletal element | Intermediate filament |
| Adherens junctions purpose | Cell-cell adhesion |
| Desmosome purpose | Cell-cell adhesion |
| Focal adhesion | Cell-ECM adhesion |
| Hemidesmosome purpose | Cell-ECM adhesion |
| Gap junction purpose | Allow movement between cells |
| Tight junction purpose | Prevent movement between cells |
| Myosin (I) structure (3) | Plus, nonprocessive, 1 head |
| Myosin (II) structure (3) | Plus, nonprocessive, 2 heads |
| Myosin (V) structure (3) | Plus, processive, 2 heads |
| Myosin (VI) structure (3) | Minus, processive, 2 heads |
| Kinesin structure (3) | Plus ended, processive, 2 heads similar to actin |
| Dynein structure | Minus ended, processive, 2 heads, stalk, neck, tail |
| Myosin ATP binding | Release from actin |
| Myosin ATP hydrolysis | Cock head |
| Myosin ADP release | Bind and power stroke |
| Kinesin ATP binding | Power stroke and cocking |
| Kinesin ATP hydrolysis | Release from microtubule |
| Kinesin ADP release | Caused by binding |
| Dynein ATP binding | Release and extension |
| Dynein ATP hydrolysis | Binding and power stroke |
| Cap Z | Binds plus end of actin, prevents addition |
| Tropomodulin | Binds minus end, prevents removal |
| Tropomyosin | Stabilizes actin fibers |
| Cofilin | Forces actin fiber breakdown |
| Thymosin | Binds actin monomer, prevents addition |
| Profilin | Binds actin monomer increasing addition |
| G-actin | Monomer for actin |
| F-actin | Polymer for actin |
| Formin | Works with profilin, stabilizes G-actin, increases addition |
| Microtubule monomers | Alpha and beta tubulin |
| Gamma tubulin | Removes nucleation, place for dimers to add to |
| Microtubule GTPase | Beta tubulin |
| Kinesin-13 | Slows addition, enduces catastrophe, destabilization of protofillament |
| XMAP215 | Increases growth, slows catastrophe, stabilization of protofillament |
| Cillia/Flagella | Microtubules 9+2 |
| Centrioles | Microtubules 9+0 |
| Keratin (I& II) | Acid and base, give strength to epithelium, provide structure for hair, fingernails, scales |
| Vimentin III) | Widely expressed, creates junctions with other cells, involved in cell signalling |
| Neurofilaments (IV) | Help axon grow and strengthen it |
| Lamins (V) | In nucleus, can make a meshwork |
| Nestin (VI) | In axons, regulate axon width |