Development of the Nervous System Ch9
Biopsychology
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Development of the Nervous System Ch9 - Details
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A cell that has the ability to develop into any class of cell in the body e.g. a fertilized egg | Totipotent |
Outermost layer of embryonic cells | Ectoderm Layer |
Ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm | Three layers of embryonic cells |
Referred to as an organiser as it induces the development of the neural plate with chemical signals | Mesoderm layer |
The process of greatly increasing the number of cells, happens after neural tube has been formed | Neural proliferation |
The region adjacent to the ventricle (the fluid-filled center of the tube) where most cell division in the neural tube occurs | Ventricular zone |
Cells lacking processes of axons and dendrites | Immature cells |
Cell migration where cells proceed from the ventricular zone in a straight line outwords toward the outer wall of tube (cells go along radius) | Radial migration |
Cell migration not towards outside of neural tube parallel to the tube's walls | Tangential migration |
Method in which developing cells migrate where an extension grows from the developing cell in the direction of migration | Somal translocation |
A method in which developing cells migrate where cells use the radial glial network | Glia-mediated migration |
References the way cells migrate in the developing neural tube progressing from deeper to more superficial layer | Inside-out pattern |
Mediate cell migration and aggregation and are located on the surfaces of neurons and other cells; have ability to recognize molecules on other cells and adhere to them | Cell-adhesion molecules (CAM) |
Cells which compose the optic nerve | Retinal ganglion cells |
The theory that a growing axon is attracted to its target by a single specific attractant released by the target | Chemoaffinity hypothesis |
The first growth cones to travel along a particular route in a developing nervous system which follow the correct trial by interacting with guidance molecules on the way | Pioneer growth cones |
The formation of new synapses | Synaptogenesis |
The first neurotrophin to be isolated | Nerve growth factor (NGF) |
The tendancy to continue making a formerly correct response when it is currently incorrect | Perseveration |
Those that permit the information in genetic programs of brain development to be expressed and maintained | Permissive experiences |
Those that contribute to the information in genetic programs and influence the course of development | Instructive experiences |
An interval during which it is absolutely essential for an experience to occur to influence development | Critical period |
The growth of new neurons | Neurogenesis |
Refers to ability to separate distinct percepts into individual memories for storage | Pattern separation |
The inferior area of frontal cortex near the orbits, or eye sockets | Orbitofrontal cortex |
Includes primary and secondary auditory cortex | Superior temporal gyrus |