GNHISD1
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226 questions
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In a routine histology department, virtually all of the work is done using a/an __________________ | Light microscope |
To examine cells at a very high magnification, it is necessary to use a/an ____________ | Electron microscope |
Term used to denote photographs of images taken using a microscope | Photomicrograph /Micrograph |
Label parts | Answer |
The microscope consists of 2 sets of lenses: ____________ & __________ | Ocular lens (eyepiece) Objective lenses (3-4) |
Powers of the eyepiece (10x) multiplied by objective lenses determine | Total Magnification |
Refers to bending | Refraction |
Identify resolution status | Fully resolved |
Identify resolution status | Just resolved |
Identify resolution status | Unresolved |
Number that expresses the ability of a lens to resolve fine details in an object being observed | Numerical Aperture |
Distance from a lens center to a point where parallel rays are focused on the optical axis | Focal length |
Effective magnification of a microscope is the product of magnification produced by the ___________ & __________ | Objective and the eyepiece |
Type of light microscope: light source is below the section & objective above it | Conventional arrangement |
Type of light microscope: light source is above the section & objective beneath it | Inverted microscope |
Limitations of a microscope is determined by _________ & __________ | Wavelength of light being used (λ) & properties of the optical components (An) |
Limit of resolution formula | D = (λ/2) x An |
Technique that is particularly useful for viewing unstained cells; most often used for observing live cells in vitro. | Phase contrast microscopy |
Converts differences in the phase of the light passing through the cell into differences in amplitude, so that some subcellular detail, including the nuclei, are visible | Phase contrast microscopy |
Additional elements are required to convert a bright field microscope into a phase contrast microscope | Condenser annulus & phase plate |
Additional elements are required to convert a bright field microscope into a phase contrast microscope: allows a ring of light to illuminate the section | Condenser annulus |
Valuable for viewing live cells that have been labelled with fluorescent markers | FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPES |
Used in a technique analogous to immunohistochemistry, called immunofluorescence | FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPES |
TYPES OF MICROSCOPY: consists of a light source | Brightfield Microscopy |
TYPES OF MICROSCOPY: condenser used to focus light on the specimen | Brightfield Microscopy |
TYPES OF MICROSCOPY: total magnification = objective X ocular lens | Brightfield Microscopy |
TYPES OF MICROSCOPY: limitation: resolution of the image | Brightfield Microscopy |
TYPES OF MICROSCOPY: same objective and ocular lenses used in brightfield | Darkfield Microscopy |
TYPES OF MICROSCOPY: special condenser (filter) used to prevent transmitted light from directly illuminating the specimen | Darkfield Microscopy |
TYPES OF MICROSCOPY: advantage: resolving power is significantly improved (0.02 um) | Darkfield Microscopy |
TYPES OF MICROSCOPY: disadvantage: internal structure cannot be studied; only morphology | Darkfield Microscopy |
TYPES OF MICROSCOPY: advantage: microorganisms (Treponema, Spirillum, Leptrospira) that cannot be normally stained by conventional methods | Darkfield Microscopy |
TYPES OF MICROSCOPY: enables internal details to be examined | Phase Contrast Microscopy |
TYPES OF MICROSCOPY: disadvantage: internal structure cannot be studied | Phase Contrast Microscopy |
TYPES OF MICROSCOPY: the differences in phase are amplified so that in-phase light appears brighter than out of phase light | Phase Contrast Microscopy |
TYPES OF MICROSCOPY: used on Live, unstained organisms, cell parts such as mitochondria | Phase Contrast Microscopy |
TYPES OF MICROSCOPY: uses fluorochromes | Fluorescent Microscopy |
TYPES OF MICROSCOPY: involves staining organisms with fluorescent dyes | Fluorescent Microscopy |
TYPES OF MICROSCOPY: organisms / specimens appear brightly illuminated against a black background | Fluorescent Microscopy |
TYPES OF MICROSCOPY: uses magnetic coils to direct a beam of electrons from a tungsten filament through a specimen onto a screen | Electron Microscopy |
TYPES OF MICROSCOPY: instead of lenses, uses palladium, gold | Electron Microscopy |
TYPES OF ELECTRON MICROSCOPE:uses ultrathin slices of microorganisms or viruses | TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPE (TEM) |
TYPES OF ELECTRON MICROSCOPE: electrons like light pass directly through the specimen | TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPE (TEM) |
TYPES OF ELECTRON MICROSCOPE: electrons bounce off the surface of specimen at an angle | SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE (SEM) |
TYPES OF ELECTRON MICROSCOPE: 3D picture is produced | SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE (SEM) |
Identify the type of microscope used: | Brightfield Microscopy |
Identify the type of microscope used: | Darkfield Microscopy |
Identify the type of microsc | Phase Contrast Microscopy |
Identify the type of microscope used: | Fluorescent microscope |
Procedures employed in specimens before they are viewed under the microscope; preparation of the tissues | Histochemical techniques |
FNA is usually recommended to tissue for | Breasts, lymph nodes, thyroid, testicles |
Combines the techniques of biochemistry and histology in the study of the chemical constitution of cells and tissues. | Histochemistry |
Histochemical stain: What is used in the great majority of routine histology | Haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) |
Histochemical stain: quick, cheap and informative | Haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) |
Gram stain color: staphylococci, streptococci and pneumococci | Deep blue (Gram positive) |