Nutrition Introduction
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| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| Components found in animal food source | Zoochemicals |
| Obtained from living things | Organic |
| The reaction of a tissue to injury or infection, characterized by heat, redness, swelling, and pain. | Inflammation |
| A long-acting disease that does not quickly resolve, e.g., cardiovascular disease, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes. | Chronic Disease |
| A diet that cycles between periods of eating and not eating. | Intermittent Fasting |
| Foods that are exceptionally pleasing to the sense of taste. | Hyper-Palatable |
| Make up our brain, nerves and associated structures. | Nervous Tissues |
| Group of atoms bonded together. | Molecule |
| A large molecule | Macromolecules |
| Organic compound the body requires in very small amounts (i.e., Vitamins and Minerals). | Micronutrient |
| Energy stored within a physical system. | Potential Energey |
| Something that's remained essentially unchanged throughout evolution. | Evolutionary Conserved |
| Variation in the form of one or a sequence of genes. | Genetic Polymorphism |
| Having a biological effect. | Bioactive |
| An increase of a cellular component. | Upregulated |
| Study of how genes respond to nutritional intake. | Nutrigenomics |
| Strong affinity for water. | Hydrophilic |
| Lack of affinity for water. | Hydrophobic |
| A fat with no double bonds between the individual carbon atoms of the fatty acid chain. | Saturated Fat |
| A fat with one double bond between the carbons in the fatty acid chain. | Monounsaturated Fats |
| A fat with two or more double bonds between the carbons in the fatty acid chain. | Polyunsaturated Fats |
| ATP, source of energy for physiological reactions. | Adenosine Triphosphate |
| The double biomembrane surrounding the mitochondrion. | Mitochondrial Membrane |
| The synthesis of RNA using a DNA template. | Transcription |
| Cytoplasmic membrane that translates protein. | Endoplasmic Reticulum |
| Hormones possessing steroid ring systems, including androgens, estrogens, and adrenocortical hormones. | Steroid Hormones |
| Manufacturing of proteins from amino acids; guided by DNA. | Protein Synthesis |
| Various nucleic acids on a single strand containing ribose and uracil, necessary for the control of cell activities. | Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) |
| Organism of microscopic size. | Microorganisms |
| Class of physiologically active fatty acid compounds present in various tissues; can have hormone-like effects. | Prostagiandin |
| Model that explains enzyme specificity. | Lock-And-Key Model |
| Model that suggests enzymes are rather flexible structures. | Induced Fit Model |
| Conversion of one signal to another by a cell. | Signal Transduction |
| A complex formed between a receptor and a substance to allow for further cellular activity. | Recepter-Ligand Building Complex |
| Substance that mediates intracellular activity by relaying a signal from an extracellular molecule. | Second Messenger |
| Pillar-shaped cells that line many sufaces of the body. | Columnar Epithelial Cells |