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Science- Crop production and management


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Agriculture
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The practice of growing plants and rearing animals on a large scale for useful products is known as agriculture.

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Agriculture
The practice of growing plants and rearing animals on a large scale for useful products is known as agriculture.
Field
A wide area of land where a crop is cultivated is known as a field.
Crop produce
The product obtained from crops are known as crop produce.
Kharif Crops
Are grown during the monsoon season (June/July- September/October)
Rabi Crops
Are grown during the winter season (October- April)
Classification of crops based on purpose
Food Crop, Subsistence Crop, Cash crop
Techniques involved in agricultural practices (in order)
Preparation of soil selection and sowing of seeds addition of manure and fertilizer irrigation protection from weeds and pests harvesting, threshing and winnowing storage
Preparation of soil
Ploughing, levelling
Weeding
The process of removal of weeds from the field is known as weeding
Natural methods of pest control
Crop rotation biological pest control
Nitrogen Cycle
Nitrogen fixation- Is the process of fixing atmospheric nitrogen into inorganic nitrogen compounds by microorganisms like Rhizobium bacteria. Nitrogen Assimilation- Is the process of converting inorganic nitrogen into usable organic compounds in living organisms. Ammonification- Organic nitrogen gets converted into ammonia when plants and animals die and decompose Nitrification- Ammonia produced is converted into nitrates in the soil. Denitrification- denitrifying bacteria act on decaying plants and animals.