TEST BANK CHAPTER 23
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The following bacterial species are all implicated in dental caries EXCEPT A) Fusobacterium. B) Borrelia. C) Streptococcus. D) Lactobacillus. | D) Lactobacillus. |
Which of these microorganisms is MOST likely to be found in the human gut? A) Helicobacter pylori B) Streptococcus sobrinus C) Streptococcus mutans D) Roseobacter denitrificans | A) Helicobacter pylori |
The vagina of adult female is A) highly acidic. B) highly alkaline. C) weakly acidic. D) weakly alkaline. | C) weakly acidic. |
Which of the following hemolysins is a phospholipase? A) lecithinase B) Streptolysin-O C) Staphylococcal -toxin D) leukocidin | A) lecithinase |
Influenza virus targets A) respiratory epithelium. B) gastrointestinal cells. C) oral cavity cells. D) throat epithelium. | A) respiratory epithelium. |
The decrease or loss of virulence of a pathogen is referred to as A) aging. B) attenuation. C) disinfectivity. D) lethal dose. | B) attenuation. |
Attenuation occurs in a laboratory, because A) nonvirulent or weakly virulent mutants grow faster in vitro in laboratory media. B) pathogens lose virulence with age. C) patients are generally treated with drugs that induce attenuation. D) None of the answers are correct. | A) nonvirulent or weakly virulent mutants grow faster in vitro in laboratory media. |
Which of the following is NOT important for the adherence of bacteria to other bacteria as well as to host tissue? A) adherence polymers B) capsule C) glycocalyx D) slime layer | A) adherence polymers |
Which of the following is an important factor in the development of dental caries? A) high salt diet B) high sugar diet C) high acid diet D) low salt diet | B) high sugar diet |
Which genus produces hyaluronidase? A) Mycobacteria B) Streptococcus C) Shigella D) Procholorococcus | D) Procholorococcus |
Pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli usually express A) capsules. B) colonization factor antigens (CFA). C) plaques. D) slime layers. | B) colonization factor antigens (CFA). |
Which of the following does NOT affect pathogen growth? A) availability of microbial nutrients B) pH C) temperature D) doubling time | D) doubling time |
Siderophores from some pathogens remove iron from the host protein(s) A) lactoferrin. B) transferrin. C) both lactoferrin and transferrin. D) cytochromes. | C) both lactoferrin and transferrin. |
Cytolytic toxins A) are extracellular proteins. B) cause cell lysis and death. C) damage host cytoplasmic membrane. D) are extracellular proteins that cause cell lysis and death by damaging the host cytoplasmic membrane. | D) are extracellular proteins that cause cell lysis and death by damaging the host cytoplasmic membrane. |
The collective term for the organisms living on or in the human body is A) normal microbial flora. B) fomite flora. C) transient microbial flora. D) pathogenic flora. | A) normal microbial flora. |
Which of the following is the dominate genera of skin microflora? A) Bacteriodes B) Firmicutes C) Actinobacteria D) Proteobacteria | C) Actinobacteria |
The process by which microorganisms cause diseases is known as A) pathogenesis. B) virulence. C) LD50 (lethal dose50). D) infection. | A) pathogenesis. |
A loose network of polymers extending outward from a cell is called a(n) A) slime layer. B) lipid A. C) capsule. D) adhesion. | A) slime layer. |
The process by which white blood cells ingest and kill bacteria is called A) exocytosis. B) transcription. C) phagocytosis. D) translation. | C) phagocytosis. |
Which of the following is a category of exotoxin? A) cytolytic toxin B) lipophilic toxin C) α-toxin D) β-toxin | A) cytolytic toxin |