| What is isometric testing? | Isometric tests are via contractions of a particular muscle or group of muscles via resistance (maintenance of position, while increasing muscle's workload). |
| What is isotonic testing? | Isotonic testing is tests done on a joint where resistance is used to "prevent" a direct motion, such as flexing the leg (preventing a kinetic chain from moving; preventing flexion or retraction of a limb). |
| What is the MRC Scale, and what does MRC stand for? | The Medical Research Council (MRC) Scale is for grading muscle power ("strength"). |
| If testing someone's upper limbs for muscle power, and the person's muscle/muscle group barely twitch, what number on the MRC Scale do they score? | 1 |
| If a person's tested muscle functions completely normally, what do they score on the MRC scale? | 5; normal |
| If a muscle cannot function, whatsoever, what does that muscle score on the MRC scale? | 0 |
| What is paresis? | Partial paralysis. |
| What is plegia? | Complete Paralysis |
| What is monoplegia paralysis?? | Complete Paralysis involving a single limb |
| What is hemiplegia paralysis? | Complete Paralysis of one half of the body? |
| What is paraplegia paralysis? | Complete Paralysis of both legs. |
| What is tetraplegia paralysis? | Complete Paralysis of all 4 limbs. |
| What is Paraparesis? | PARTIAL paralysis of both legs. |
| What is Monoparesis? | PARTIAL paralysis of one limb... like what you might see in a stroke survivor. |
| In a myopathy, what is the cause of the dysfunction? | Damaged muscle fibers. |
| Are these issues better describing an upper or lower motor neuron lesion? | Upper |
| Are these issues better describing an upper or lower motor neuron lesion? | Lower |
| ________ motor neuron lesions result in weakness of a relatively large group of muscles (e.g. a limb or more than one limb). | Upper |
| _______ motor neuron damage can cause paresis of an individual and specific muscle. | Lower |
| 1) The following image depicts the "rebound phenomenon" test.
• Ask the patient to stretch his arms out in front and maintain this position.
• Push the patient's wrist quickly downward and observe the returning movement.
If the patient's arm overswings in its return to its original position, that.... (2 answers)
2) if the overswing is dramatic, what does it mean. | That there is either muscle weakness or cerebellar dysfunction present.
If the "fly up" to the return position is dramatic, it's more indicative of cerebellar issues. |
| Describe the Finger-Nose coordination test.
What is this test checking for? (2 things) | Have the patient put their finger on their nose, then touch your outstretched finger, then to their nose again.
It checks for dyssynergia and dysmetria |
| What is dyssynergia? | Dyssynergia is any disturbance of muscular coordination, resulting in uncoordinated and abrupt movements. |
| What is dysmetria? | Dysmetria is caused when the cerebellum isn't functioning correctly, causing uncoordinated movements. |
| Demonstrate the act of repeatedly patting the palm of one hand with the palm and back of your opposite hand as quickly and regularly as
possible. Ask the patient to copy your actions.
This is testing for the impairment of rapid alternating movements, slowness, disorganization and irregularity of movement. To fail this test means they have.....? | Dysdiadochokinesis - the inability to execute rapidly alternating movements, particularly of the limbs.
Note: It is cerebellar in nature. |
| What is Dyspraxia? | is a neurological disorder that impacts an individual's ability to plan and process motor tasks.
Also known as "developmental coordination disorder" (DCD). |
| What is Apraxia? | Apraxia is a neurological disorder characterized by the inability to perform learned (familiar) movements on command, (even though the command is understood and there is a willingness to perform the movement).
(They would make poor mimes, because miming requires the ability to perform learned, common actions, without use of a prop.) |
