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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

Question	Answer
One of the processes of tissue healing begins soon after tissue injury or death and occurs. Formation of a connective tissue scar	Repair
Regrowth of original tissue	Regeneration
Continuously dividing cells. Also known as stem cells.	Labile cells
Quiescent cells. They do not divide regularly but can be stimulated to divided if necessary. Occurs in liver and kidney.	Stable cells
Smooth Muscle + connective tissue	Myofibroblasts
Vasculature- capilaries.	Angioblasts
Connective tissue-collagen	Fibroblasts
Protein found in blood and connective tissue. Forms scaffolding. produce tensile strength. Attracts other fibroblasts and macrophages by chemotaxis to the healing tissue.	Fibronectin
Bind to fibronectin and to collagen and help stabilize tissue undergoing repair. Retain water and aid in the hydration of the tissue being repaired.	Proteoglycan
Elastic protein found in connective tissue. Allows tissues to retain their shape after stretching.	Elastin
Most common type of collagen. Found in mature scars. Type 3 replaced by this type of collagen. Predominant in strong tissues such as tendons and bones.	Collagen Type 1
First collagen to appear in wound healing. found in immature scars. More prevalent in newborns.	Collagen Type 3
Most important protein providing structural support and tensile strength for almost all tissues and organs of the body. Most abundant protein in body.	Collagen
Assembled into thin supporting filaments and the predominant collagen type found in cartilaginous tissue.	Type 2 collagen
Vitamin C	Ascorbic acid
Healing that occurs when a clean laceration or sterile surgical wound that has orderly healing.	First intention healing
Temporary make-shift structure. Vascularized connective tissue composed of macrophages, myoblasts, fibroblasts, angioblasts.	Granulation Tissue
Large and infected wounds. Occurs when wound edges cannot be approximated. Granulation tissue is exposed.	Secondary intention healing
Scars with insufficient tensile strength. Separation of tissue margins may occur.	Wound dehiscence
Overgrowth beyond the scar margins, marked elevation and pigmentation.	Keloid
Elevated but do not grow beyond the original margins of the scar.	Hypertrophic scar
Cells involved in the tissue repair response produce these proteins that regulate cellular reactions involved in healing. Ex: Cell proliferation, differentiation, migration of cells,..	Growth factors
activates fibroblasts and macrophages	Platelet derived growth factor
Required for wound repair and angiogenesis	Fibroblast growth factor
the formation of new blood vessels	Angiogenesis
the presence of 2 conditions in a patient	Comorbidity
Occurs immediately after an acute injury as the body tries to stop bleeding by initiating coagulation.	Hemostasis
Characterized by: formation of a hematoma, necrosis of cells, start of the inflammatory response. Inflammatory phase begins once the blood clot forms.	Degeneration phase healing
Vascular and cellular response. Vasodilation, increased permeability. Presence of leukocytes, monocytes.	Inflammatory phase
Granulation tissue. fibroblasts migrate to site. blood vessels regrow (angiogenesis)	Migratory phase
Collagen and matrix being produced in random patterns	proliferative phase
Collagen more organized. Type 3 turns into type 1 collagen. Blood vessels restored.	Maturation- remodeling phase
Large scar formation. typically seen in burns.	Tissue contracture