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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

Question	Answer
Physical, Emotional, Psychological, Financial	Types of Harm
Harm inflicted, status of victim, moral judgments, offender characteristics	Assessing Seriousness of Crime
Views criminal law as reflecting the interest of the public.	Consensus Model
Criminal law serves the interests of the elite and powerful at the expense of society	Conflict Model
Theories to Hypothesis to Observation to Empirical generalizations	Wallace's Wheel of Science
Intentional act in violation of the criminal law, no defense or excuse, penalized by state	Legalistic Definition
Crime is behavior that causes injury to the state, act is not criminal by the fact it is punished but by the fact that it is punishable.	Modified Legalistic
Crime is a violation of conduct norms. Not all anitsocial behaviors are going to be prohibited by legal code.	Normative Definition
More broader than theories, school of thought, specific assumptions about a phenomenom.	Criminal Paradigms
Assumes individuals are rational beings and can weigh the costs and benefits of their actions.	Rational Choice
Stop crime through time and punishment	Deterence Doctrine
Stop crime through time and punishment	Deterence Doctrine
Stop crime through time and punishment	Deterence Doctrine
Stop crime through time and punishment	Deterence Doctrine
Opportunities that present itself thru motivated offenders, suitable targets, lack of gaurdianship.	Routine Activity Theory
Assumes forces beyond an individuals control are responsible for crime	Positivism
Crime is a product of interaction between the offender and society	Interactionism
Rooted in new, radical, and Marxist perspectives, rejects official definitions of crime. Focuses on why most offenders are lower in the social hierarchy.	Critical Criminology
No one particular set of assumptions or theory can fully explain a phenomenon. Need a combo of at least two or more.	Theoretical Integration****
IV always comes first	IV and DV
Two variables that are associated but not caused by another	Spurious
When you make conclusions about individuals based on group data	ecological fallacy
#Victims/population x 100	Prevalence
What types? How are they defined? Looking at offenders, victims, or incidents	Difficulties in measuring crime
If mulitple offenses occur, only the most serious would show up	hierarchy Rule
murder, rape, robbery, agg assault, burglary, larceny theft, motor vehicle theft	worst crimes in order: