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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

Question	Answer
EOP to C7	Ligamentum Nuchae
Anterior arch of atlas C1, supports the dens of C2	Transverse Ligament
Dens to occiput	Alar ligament
Dens to occiput	Apical ligament
Lamina below to lamina above, elastic tissue	Ligamentum Flava
Atypical. Does not have a vertebral body or intervertebral disk. Consists mostly of a bony ring with 2 lateral masses	Atlas C1
is an extension of supraspinous ligaments that arise from SP of C7. Extends superiorly to the external occipital protuberance.	Ligamentum Nuchae
in the absence of trauma	Cervical disc herniation occurs...
Nucleus pulposus	Cervical disc herniation
C5-6 C6-7	Common site for cervical disc herniation
Limit rotation	Alar ligaments
Triaxial, condyloid synoical joint between atlas and occipital condyles	Atlanto-occipital joint
Uniaxial, planar synovial joints. Reinforced by the cruciate and alar ligaments.	Atlanto-axial joints
Between the dens of axis and anterior arch of atlas	Median pivot joint
Side bending in one direction will always be coupled with rotation in the opposite direction.	Coupled motion
controlled by the facet joints	Lateral flexion and rotation
Guide flexion, limit lateral bending.	Joints of luschka
allow passage of the vertebral artery (c1-6)	Transverse foramen
Provides space for the spinal cord	Vertebral canal
only in the cervical region	Joints of luschka are found
join body to the lamina	Pedicals
are large and easily palpable, posterolaterally	Articular pillars
Also called facet joints, are on a 45 degree angle shape and angulation of the zygapophyseal joints.	Zygapophyseal joints
are flat, between pedicles and spinous process	Laminae
Usually bifid with the exception of C7	Spinous processes
Atlas, axis, occipital condyles of skull	Upper C-spine
C3-C7	Lower c-spine
A blow to the top of the head that fractures atlas at the anterior and posterior arches.	Jefferson Fracture
Fractures of the axis that involve dens or involve a fracture across the neural arch between the superior and inferior articular facets.	Hangman fracture
Fusion of adjacent vertebrae. Most commonly between C1 and C2 or between C5 and C6	Block vertebrae
Commonly occurs in C5,6,7. Narrowing of the intervertebral foramen occurs	Osteoarthritis