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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

Question	Answer
Coronary heart disease is when the coronary arteries become blocked due to a build up of plaques and cholesterol. This results in a region deprived of oxygen and so the heart can't respire and contract - this could lead to a heart attack.	What is coronary heart disease?
heredity- some people inherit the tendency to develop coronary heart disease. high blood pressure - puts more strain on the heart. diet - eating high levels of saturated fat can increase cholesterol. smoking- raises blood pressure and makes blood clots more likely to form. stress- raises blood pressure. lack of exercise- regular exercise strengthens the heart and reduces blood pressure.	What factors make coronary heart disease ore likely ?
the cardiac muscle has its own blood supply called the coronary circulation. they make up the walls of the heart and contract and relax continuously without becoming fatigued.	How is the heart adapted to its function (Cardiac muscle)?
the walls of the atria are thin and so they can be stretched to receive blood as it returns to the heart but can contract with enough force to to push blood through the bicuspid and tricuspid valves into the ventricles.	The structure of the heart is adapted( elastic atria)
Valves make sure blood only flows in one direction - stops the back flow of blood.	the structure of the heart is adapted (valves)?
the left ventricle has a thicker muscular wall to pump blood to all parts of the body and so its able to contain the high pressure blood.	The structure of the heart is adapted (left ventricle)?
Blood enters the atria - the walls of the atria contract, raising the pressure of blood and forcing the valves open. the blood then enters the ventricles. Once the ventricles become full, they contract and increase the blood pressure-closing the valves and opening the semi-lunar valves where blood is ejected into the pulmonary artery and aorta. As the ventricles empty, higher pressure in the aorta and pulmonary artery closes the valves and the cycle restarts.	what events take place in the cardiac cycle?
deoxygenated blood leaves the heart through the pulmonary arteries and is circulated through the lungs where it becomes oxygenated. This oxgenated blood returns to the heart through the pulmonary veins.	What is the pulmonary circulation?
Oxygenated blood leaves the heart through the aorta and is circulated through all parts of the body where it is unloaded. Deoxygenated blood returns through the vena cava	What is systematic circulation ?
oxygen from the lungs to all parts of the body. carbon dioxide from the body to the lungs. nutrients from the gut - glucose to all the body. urea from the liver to the kidneys. hormones antibodies and many other substances. and blood distributes heat around the body.	What does blood transport ?