| immune system | made up of a network of cells such as the white blood cells, tissues, and organs |
| function of immune system | protect the body from organisms that may cause diseases |
| reproductive system (male) | consists of the testes, prostate glands, sperm duct, urethra, and penis |
| reproductive system (female) | consists of the vagina, uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes |
| function of reproductive system | each system has it own function that serve the general reproduction function in both male and female |
| three planes of the body | frontal or coronal plane, lateral or sagittal plane, transverse or axial plane |
| other planes of the body | median or midsagittal plane, parasagittal plane |
| superior ( cranial ) | toward the head or upper part of the body (above) |
| inferior ( caudal) | away from the head or toward the lower part of the body ( below ) |
| ventral ( anterior ) | toward or at the front of the body ( in front of ) |
| dorsal ( posterior ) | toward or at the back of the body ( behind ) |
| medial | toward the midline of the body |
| lateral | away from the midline of the body |
| intermediate | between a medial and lateral position |
| proximal | closer to the origin of the body part or point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk |
| distal | away from the origin of the body or point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk |
| superficial (external ) | toward or at the body surface |
| deep ( internal ) | away from the body structure |
| abduction | movement away from the median plane of the body |
| adduction | movement toward the median plane of the body |
| parietal | pertaining to the outer wall of the body cavity |
| visceral | pertaining to the internal organs |
| inversion | turning inward or inside out |
| eversion | turning outward |
| palmar | pertaining to the palm of the hand |
| plantar | pertaining to the sole of the foot |
| body cavities | the dorsal cavity, the cranial cavity, the spinal ( vertebral ) cavity, the ventral cavity, the thoracic cavity, the abdominopelvic cavity |
| other body cavities | oral and digestive( mouth and cavities of the digestive tract ), nasal, orbital, middle ear, synovial (joint cavities) |
| abdominal regions | epigastric, umbilical, hypogastric |
| six lateral regions | right hypochondriac, left hypochondriac, right lumbar, left lumbar, right iliac (inguinal), left iliac (inguinal). |
| quadrants | right upper quadrant (RUQ), right lower quadrant (RLQ), left upper quadrant (LUQ), left lower quadrant (LLQ) |
| divisions of the back | cervical (neck), thoracic (chest), lumbar (loin or waist), sacral (lower back), coccygeal (tailbone). |
