| What causes Earthquakes? | They are caused by the movement of plates which leads to friction being built up which will release massive amounts energy to make the Earth's surface shake. |
| What is the Focus? | This is where the shockwaves originated from. |
| What is the Seismic waves? | This is the Earthquakes energy movement. |
| What is the epicentre? | This is the point directly above the Focus |
| How would you measure the magnitude of Earthquakes? | You would use the Richter Scale, which tells you the magnitude of an earthquake in a scale of 1-10. However if two earthquakes was a scale of 5 and 6, the 6 is ten times more powerful then 5.
You can also use the Moment Magnitude Scale which is used for the harder hitter Earthquakes [7+] |
| What is a seismometer? | This is the machine that detects the seismic waves from Earthquakes |
| How bad would a Earthquake with a scale of 2 be? | You probably wouldn't even notice. These are very common. |
| How bad would a Earthquake with a scale of 9 be? | This can be devastating and can be a massive crisis. |
| What was the magnitude of the earthquake that hit Chile in 1960? | 9.5 the largest humanity has faced |
| What effects can happen from a Earthquake? How is it Varied? | -Magnitude of the Earthquake. Higher it is, the more destruction
-Level of Development. Richer countries will typically have less deaths but higher costs. Poorer countries will have higher deaths but lower costs.
-Depth of Focus. If its shallow, its going to be more deadly
-Distance from Epicentre. If your closer to the Epicentre, its going to be more deadly
-Population Density. More people together equals more deaths/injuries
-Time of Day. Are they at work, home or sleeping? |
| What can effects be categorised? Name example | Primary or Immediate effects. They happen very fast after an earthquake. Example would be deaths
Secondary or Long term effects. They happen after in hours, days or weeks. Example would be Famine |
| What are the two types of Responses? Name example | -Short term or Immediate Responses. This useally happens within the days and weeks after a disaster. Example would be Search and Rescue.
-Long Term Responses. This goes on for months and years after the disaster. Example would be rebuilding. |
| What are the 3Ps? | This is Prediction, Protection and Prepartion. This is used to save lives |
| Describe Prediction | This is using the seismometers to monitor tremors. This is also to locate where it could possibly happen. The only difficult thing is when it will happen. |
| Describe Protection | This involves constructing buildings to be Earthquake-Proof or Safe to live in. Some techniques of Earthquake proof Skyscrapers could be
-Rubber shock absorbers in the foundation, to soak up the tremors
-Steel frames that can sway in the Earth's movement
-Open areas outside the building, for evacuation |
| Describe Preparation | This has everyone in Earthquake prone countries practice for a real life example. Drills and evacuation plans are set which can decrease the death toll. |
