| what is dna used for? | energy storage |
| How many types of nucleic acids are there? What are they called | 2. Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid (DNA), Ribo Nucleic Acid (RNA) |
| Nucleotides hold ____ | genetic info |
| What is DNA made up of? | Subunit nucleotides: Sugar, phosphate, base |
| What are nucleotides | basic building blocks of nucleic acids |
| RNA and DNA are both.... | polymers made of long chains of nucleotides |
| sugar in DNA | deoxyribose |
| sugar in RNA | ribose |
| what is base A | adenine |
| what is base T | thymine |
| what is base C | cytosine |
| what is base G | guanine |
| what is base U (only in RNA) | uracil |
| what does A pair up with in DNA? | T: thymine |
| what does A pair up with in RNA | U: uracil |
| RNA and DNA are both used for? | enzymes |
| 3 similarities between RNA and DNA (3) | made up of 5 carbon,
polynucleotide chains,
can act as enzymes |
| DNA differences (4) | stores genetic info,
cellular library,
located in nucleus,
double helix |
| RNA differences (4) | transfers genetic info,
mostly located outside the nucleus,
synthesis protein,
single helix, |
| what does ATP stand for? | adenosine triphosphate |
| what is ATP? | energy carrying molecule found in living things |
| what is ATP made up of | adenine,ribose,phosphate group |
| What does base pairing allow for | double-stranded DNA |
| what is the double helix made out of | groups of sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups |
| Meiosis produces...? | gametes |
| Meitosis is used..? | for growth and repair |
| Fertilization | is the fusion of sperm and egg |
| Fertilization occurs when | the nucleus of both sperm and egg fuse to form a diploid cell |
| What is the diploid cell known as? | zygote |
| How is a new organism formed? | with the successful fusion of gametes |
| What are gametes | sexual reproduction cells |
| what are the female gametes? | ova/egg cells |
| what are the male gametes ? | sperm |
| gametes can also be called | haploid cells |
| each cell sexual reproduction cell carries..? | only one copy of each chromosome (contains 23 chromosomes) |
| what is a zygote | combined sperm and egg; single celled organism resulting from a fertilized egg |
| how many chromosomes does a zygote cell obtain? | 46 ( 23 f sperm) (23 f egg) |
| what is a diploid? | cell or organism that has paired chromosomes (1 from each parent) |
| what is represented by 'n'? | the number of different chromosomes that an organism has |
| haploid cells are described as? | 1n |
| diploid cells are described as? | 2n |
