| what are the 3 functions of the Cardiovascular system | 1) delivering materials
2) removing waste
3) fighting infections |
| what is a heart murmur? | extra sounds from the heart often due to valve not closed all the way |
| what is arrhythmia? | an irregular heartbeat |
| what is cardiac output? | amount of blood ejected each minute |
| what is stroke volume? | blood ejected from heart each beat |
| Cardiac output = heart beat * ______ _______ | stroke volume |
| what are the three types of blood vessels? | arteries, capillaries, and veins |
| what are the thickest blood vessels? | arteries |
| what blood vessel carries blood to the heart? | veins |
| what blood cells are a single cell thick? | capillaries |
| what blood vessels allow diffusion? | capillaries |
| what is diffusion? | the movement of materials from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. |
| what blood vessels have valves? | veins |
| what blood vessels carry blood away from the heart? | arteries |
| what is 55% of my blood? | plasma |
| what do red blood cells do? | carries 02 (oxygen), contains hemoglobin, and made of Fe (iron) |
| what do white blood cells do? | fight infections, viruses, and bacteria |
| what do platelets help with? | they clot your blood and stop excessive bleeding |
| what is referred to as bad cholesterol | LDL |
| what is referred to as good cholesterol | HDL |
| how can we reduce LDL? | not smoking |
| what's the difference in arteries and veins | arteries go away from the heart, veins the opposite |
| what is atherosclerosis? | an artery wall that hardens due to plaque build up |
| plaque is due to what | excessive cholesterol |
| blood pressure is the _____ that blood pushes on the walls of blood vessels | force |
| for blood pressure, the top number is called what? | systolic |
| what is the bottom number of blood pressure called? | diastolic |
| systolic pressure is what | the pressure in arteries when heart beats |
| diastolic pressure is what | pressure in auteries when heart is at rest (between beats) |
| what is another name for high blood pressure | hypertension |
| a stroke occurs when what | a clot forms in a blood vessel in the brain |
| aerobic means what | with oxygen |
| what are some ways we can reduce heart disease | exercising, not smoking, sleeping long enough, staying away from alcohol and caffeine |
