| STAGE 4 OF DTM | Birth and death rates are both low, stabilizing the population. These countries tend to have stronger economies, higher levels of education, better healthcare, a higher proportion of working women, and a fertility rate hovering around two children per woman. Most developed countries are in Stage 4. |
| STAGE 4 OF DTM | Birth and death rates are both low, stabilizing the population. These countries tend to have stronger economies, higher levels of education, better healthcare, a higher proportion of working women, and a fertility rate hovering around two children per woman. Most developed countries are in Stage 4. |
| BIRTH RATE | NUMBER OF BIRTHS PER 1000 PEOPLE PER YEAR, WHEN THE BIRTH RATE IS HIGHER THAN THE DEATH RATE THE POPULATION INCREASES |
| DEATH RATE | NUMBER OF DEATHS PER 1000 PEOPLE PER YEAR, WHEN THE DEATH RATE IS HIGHER THAN THE BIRTH RATE THE POPULATION DECREASES |
| NATURAL INCREASE | THE BIRTH RATE - THE DEATH RATE |
| FERTILITY RATE | NUMBER OF BIRTHS PER WOMAN OF CHILD BEARING AGE (19-49) |
| REPLACEMENT LEVEL | THE FERTILITY RATE REQUIRED TO RELACE THOSE WHO DIE EACH YEAR |
| THE DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION MODEL (DTM) | The Demographic Transition Model (DTM) is based on historical population trends of two demographic characteristics – birth rate and death rate – to suggest that a country’s total population growth rate cycles through stages as that country develops economically. |
| STAGE 1 OF DTM | APPLIED TO MOST OF THE WORLD BEFORE THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION, BOTH BIRTH RATES AND DEATH RATES ARE HIGH SO THE POPULATION IS FAIRLY CONSTANT. BUT CAN HAVE MAJOR SWINGS WHEN WARS AND PANDEMICS HIT |
| STAGE 2 OF DTM | the introduction of modern medicine lowers death rates, especially among children, while birth rates remain high; the result is rapid population growth. Many of the least developed countries today are in Stage 2. |
| STAGE 3 OF DTM | Birth rates gradually decrease, usually as a result of improved economic conditions, an increase in women’s status, and access to contraception. Population growth continues, but at a lower rate. Most developing countries are in Stage 3. |
| STAGE 4 OF DTM | Birth and death rates are both low, stabilizing the population. These countries tend to have stronger economies, higher levels of education, better healthcare, a higher proportion of working women, and a fertility rate hovering around two children per woman. Most developed countries are in Stage 4. |
