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level: Developmental

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Developmental

QuestionAnswer
PIES + M- Physically - Intellectually - Emotionally - Socially - Morally
4 points of the developmental area- Long life process (from birth to death) - Tends to focus on children - mouldable, available - Development happens in stages e.g. infancy - Debate: development influenced on nature + nurture
The principles of the behaviourist perspective- 'tabula rasa' - born blank - We learn through conditioning
Bandura theory- Social learning - Imitation
'tabula rasa' meaning- Latin for born blank - All behaviour is learnt
Classical conditioning meaning- Leaning by association (used in advertisments)
Operant conditioning meaning- Learning with consequence + Positive reinforcement (rewards) + Negative reinforcement (avoidance) + Punishment
Vicarious reinforcement (social learning)- Copying a role model to seek the rewards they are getting
Self-efficacy (social learning)- Believing you can successfully imitate the model
The Law of Temporal Contiguity- The closer in time the reward to the behaviour the stronger the learning will be
The law of effect- Rewarding behaviour will be repeated - Non rewarding behaviour will extinguish
Strengths of the developmental area- Many useful applications to child care, education... - Attempts to answer the nature/nurture debate - Participants can be studied over time to reduce participant variables
Weaknesses of the developmental area- Research with children may raise ethical issues, such as consent and protection - Research may be constrained by time or culture - Samples are often small and unrepresentative
Similarities between the developmental area and the behaviour area- Both are deterministic and ignore the effect of freewill on behaviour