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level: Experiments

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Experiments

QuestionAnswer
Types of experiments- Laboratory experiments - Field experiments - Quasi (natural) experiments
Lab experimentsCAUSE/EFFECT - High control - manipulate IV ECOLOGICAL VALIDITY - Artifical
Field experimentsCAUSE/EFFECT - Manipulate IV - not complete control     ECOLOGICAL VALIDITY - More like real life
Quasi experimentsCAUSE/EFFECT - Natural occurring IV - Cannot say cause and effect ECOLOGICAL VALIDITY
One-tailed hypothesis meaning- One group is better than the other
Two-tailed hypothesis meaning- The difference between the groups
Different experimental designs- Independent measures design - Repeated measures design - Matched pairs design
Independent measures design- Using different individuals for each condition of the experiment
Disadvantages + advantages of INDEPENDENT MEASURES DESIGN- Advantages = no problem with order effects - Disadvantages = problem with individual differences
Repeated measures design- Testing the same individuals on two or more conditions
Disadvantages + advantages of REPEATED MEASURES DESIGN- Advantages = no problem with individual differences, requires fewer participants - Disadvantages = it is not always possible to test the same participants twice, problem with order effects
Matched pairs design- Using different individuals for each condition of the experiment - Participant variables are controlled by matching pairs
Disadvantages + advantages of MATCHED PAIRS DESIGN- Advantages = no problems with order effects - Disadvantages = its difficult and time consuming, too dependent on the validity of the procedures for pre-testing