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level: Texture of Igneous Rocks

Questions and Answers List

Letters A-F of Igneous Rock Texture

level questions: Texture of Igneous Rocks

QuestionAnswer
overall appearance of a rock, based on the size, shape, and arrangement of its mineral grainsTexture
Rapid cooling produces _____ crystalssmall
Whereas very slow cooling produces much ________ crystalslarger
Igneous rocks that form at Earth’s surface or as small intrusive masses within the upper crust, where cooling is relatively rapid, exhibit a ______.Fine-Grained Texture
we commonly characterize ________ as being light, intermediate, or dark in colorFine-Grained rocks
When large masses of magma slowly crystallize at great depth, they form igneous rocks that exhibit a ________Coarse-Grained Texture
_______ consist of a mass of intergrown crystals that are roughly equal in size and large enough so that the individual minerals can be identified without the aid of a microscopeCoarse-grained rocks
If molten rock containing some large crystals moves to a different environment—for example, by erupting at the surface—the remaining liquid portion of the lava cools more quicklyPorphyritic Texture
The large crystals in porphyritic rocks are referred to as ________Phenocrysts
whereas the matrix of smaller crystals is called _______groundmass
Common features of many extrusive rocks are the voids left by gas bubbles that escape as lava solidifies.Vesicular Texture
Another common vesicular rock, called _______, forms when silica-rich lava is ejected during an explosive eruption.pumice
During some volcanic eruptions, molten rock is ejected into the atmosphere, where it is quenched and cools quickly to become a solid.Glassy Texture
______ results when unordered ions are “frozen in place” before they can unite into an orderly crystalline structureGlass
_________, a common type of natural glass, is similar in appearance to dark chunks of manufactured glass.Obsidian
Another group of igneous rocks is formed from the consolidation of individual rock fragments ejected during explosive volcanic.Pyroclastic (Fragmental) Texture
A common type of pyroclastic rock,called ________, is composed of fine fragments of glass that remained hot enough to eventually fuse togetherwelded tuff