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level: Freud - Dreams (ID)

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Freud - Dreams (ID)

QuestionAnswer
What do dreams represent for Freud- Meaningful expressions of unconscious material - "The royal road to knowledge of the unconscious mind"
Why are dreams like symptoms- Dreams tell us what is ailing the unconscious
What do dreams express- Unconscious intrapsychic conflict (biological, emotional, security needs) - Events + situations desired or feared by the dreamer
What are dreams- Hallucinatory wish-fulfilments - If not dreamt, would leave the dreamer frustrated, waking sleeper - So if you have a wish while asleep it is embodied + fulfilled in a dream, so you stay asleep
What happens in nightmares and anxious dreams- The underlying repressed wish is not completely disguised - It is felt by the dreamer - hence the anxiety
What are anxious dreams a failure of- Failure to reach a compromise between the wish (id) + the censor (superego)
Latent content- True nature of the wish
Manifest content- The interpretation of the dream upon awakening
What is the dreamwork- Where dream comes into being - Unconscious wish is expressed
What are the four process of dreamwork censorship?- Condensation - Displacement - Visual Representation - Secondary vision
Condensation- Several images fused together creating composite - Latent elements that have something in common
Displacement- Idea/thing is replaced by a related idea/thing in the dream - Or the emotional intensity of one idea can be transferred to another
Visual representation- Visual symbols stands for some abstract thought e.g. sitting on object = ‘possession’
Secondary vision- Upon awakening from a dream, our pre-conscious mind moulds latent creations into sensible forms to waking intelligence - Creating even more distortion
How can the latent content of dreams be discovered- Using method of free association
What is the cognitive psychology criticism of Freud's theory of dreams?- Others say dreaming is random - Unlikely to serve any adaptive function
Is all dream content unconscious?- There is both conscious and unconscious material
What did Freud hypothesize to be the purpose of dreams?- To protect sleep - Because if you were conscious of the wish not being fulfilled you would wake up and try to fulfil it
What four points from contemporary neuroscience does Solms raise to offer support for Freud's theory of dreams?Dreams... - Are meaningful - Are motivated - Require interpretation