| the sale of goods in shops to customers, for their own use and not for selling to anyone else | retail,_,He is a manager with twenty years’ experience in the retail business. |
| to do what you have to do or are asked to do | comply,_,Failure to comply with the regulations will result in prosecution. |
| practical knowledge and ability | savvy,_,He’s obviously got a lot of political savvy. |
| a very strong liking for something | passion,_,Gardening was her great passion. |
| a liquid that you put on your skin to make it smell pleasant | scent,_,She loves scents that contain vanilla. |
| the introduction of new ideas or methods | innovation,_,We must encourage innovation if the company is to remain competitive. |
| a medical condition in which you become ill or in which your skin becomes red and painful because you have eaten or touched a particular substance | allergy,_,I have an allergy to cats. |
| to hear or find out about something secret or private | get wind of,_,You’d better hope the press doesn’t get wind of this. |
| to make someone think and behave exactly as you want them to, by skilfully deceiving or influencing them | manipulate,_,He was one of those men who manipulated people. |
| make an objection, complain | raise objections,_,His father raised no objections when John told him that he wanted to become a dancer. |
| used to say you admire someone very much because of what they have done | take my hat off to,_,I take my hat off to Ian – without him we’d have never finished this project on time. |
| a sweet-smelling brown substance used for giving a special taste to cakes and other sweet foods | cinnamon,_,She just loves cinnamon rolls. |
| a plant that has grey-green leaves and purple flowers with a strong pleasant smell | lavender,_,She planted some lavender in her back garden to attract the bees. |
| a substance used to give a special taste to ice cream, cakes etc, made from the beans of a tropical plant | vanilla,_,I can’t stand the smell of vanilla - it's too strong. |
| tasting of or containing salt | salty,_,These crisps are far too salty for me. |
| having a sharp acid taste, like the taste of a lemon or a fruit that is not ready to be eaten | sour,_,Rachel sampled the wine. It was sour. |
| having a strong sharp taste, like black coffee without sugar | bitter,_,Enjoy the beer’s bitter taste as you slowly drink it. |
| having a strong pleasant taste that is not sweet, sour, salty, or bitter, especially like the tastes found in meat, strong cheeses, tomatoes etc | umami,_,She didn’t like the umami taste very much. |
| a long thin green vegetable with a point at one end | asparagus,_,We're having pasta with asparagus for dinner tonight. |
| a hard Italian cheese | parmesan cheese,_,She always puts lots of parmesan cheese on her pasta dishes. |
| avant-garde music, literature etc is extremely modern and often seems strange or slightly shocking | avant-garde,_,He belongs to that group of avant-garde writers who are pushing the boundaries. |
| the state of being known about by a lot of people because of your achievements | fame,_,He claims he is not really interested in fame. |
| to give someone something or allow them to have something that they have asked for | grant,_,I would love to be able to grant her wish. |
| different from each other | unalike,_,The brothers are unalike as it's possible to be. |
| not having the ability or skill to do a job properly | incompetent,_,The company's problems can be put down to incompetent management. |
| not able to do something | incapable,_,He seemed incapable of understanding how she felt. |
| not using time, money, energy etc in the best way | inefficient,_,Local government was inefficient. |
| to believe or admit that someone has a quality, or has done something good | credit,_,Evans is credited with inventing the system. |
| having little or no hair on your head | bald,_,Dad started going bald when he was in his thirties. |
| without enough money to pay what you owe | bankrupt,_,The firm went bankrupt before the building work was completed. |
| physically unable to hear anything or unable to hear well | deaf,_,I think Mum’s going a bit deaf. |
| if a situation goes downhill, it gets worse | downhill,_,Grandma fell and broke her leg, and she went downhill quite rapidly after that. |
| unable to control your behaviour or emotions because you are very upset, afraid, excited etc | hysterical,_,Janet became hysterical and began screaming. |
| crazy or very silly | mad,_,I’d go mad if I was stuck at home all day. |
| covered with a soft green, grey, or black substance that grows on food which has been kept too long, and on objects that are warm and wet | mouldy,_,I'm afraid the bread has gone mouldy. |
| if food goes off, it becomes too bad to eat | go off,_,The milk's gone off. |
| to become worse | deteriorate,_,Her health has deteriorated. |
| to damage something or make it not as good as it should be | impair,_,The illness had impaired his ability to think and concentrate. |
| a simple type of plant that has no leaves or flowers and that grows on plants or other surfaces. mushrooms and mould are both fungi. | fungus,_,The bread looks terrible. It's got some kind of fungus all over it. |
| a sum of money that a person or organization owes | debt,_,She had debts of over £100,000. |
| someone who owns shares in a company or business | shareholder,_,Shareholders have been told to expect an even lower result next year. |
| to be the thing that makes someone or something different or special | distinguish,_,The factor that distinguishes this company from the competition is customer service. |
| a thick white sauce, made of raw egg yolks and oil, often eaten on sandwiches or salad | mayonnaise,_,She puts mayonnaise on everything - even roast beef! |
| so nervous or upset that you are unable to keep still or think calmly | agitated,_,Amanda was getting visibly agitated. |
| to tell someone legally that they must leave the house they are living in | evict,_,They were unable to pay the rent, and were evicted from their home. |
| for the same reasons – used when you want to say that something else is also true, especially something very different or surprising | by the same token,_,I realise he hasn't come up with any new ideas, but by the same token we haven't needed any. |
| if something tends to happen, it happens often and is likely to happen again | tend,_,My car tends to overheat in the summer. |
| a possible future effect or result of an action, event, decision etc | implication,_,What are the implications of these proposals? |
| to communicate or express something, with or without using words | convey,_,All this information can be conveyed in a simple diagram. |
| a short low sound that a person or animal makes in their throat | grunt,_,Chris gave a grunt and went back to sleep. |
