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level: Level 1 of 3. Human embryology

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1 of 3. Human embryology

Question	Answer
is the single cell formed when an egg and a sperm cell fuse	zygote
the fusion of egg and sperm cell is called	fertilization
describes the division of somatic cells	mitosis
the process that produces germ cells with half the number of chromosomes of the somatic cells	meiosis
before the mitotic cell division begins, DNA is first replicated during the?	(S) synthetic phase
In the S phase of the cell cycle the amount of DNA is doubled to a value known as __________ (4 times the amount of DNA found in germ cell).	tetraploid
how many sets of cell divisions occur in meiosis?	2
contain only one set of Chromosomes	Haploid cells
contains two sets of chromosomes	Diploid cells
Haploid cells are formed by the process of	meiosis
Diploid cells undergo the process of	mitosis
if one member of homologous chromosome pair is missing, a rare condition known as ________ prevails.	monosomy
best known example of trisomy	down syndrome or trisomy 21
features of Down syndrome are	facial cleft, shortened tongue, a protruding and fissured tongue and delayed eruption of teeth
the affected gene generally inherited from only one parent.	autosomal dominant inheritance
the expression of the genotype is affected by the environment in which the embryo develops, and the final outcome of development is termed as	phenotype
the forming individual is described as	embryo or fetus
the characterized largely by the differentiation of all major external and internal structure	morphogenesis
Ii is the phase in the prenatal development where in it is the most vulnerable period for the embryo because it involves many intricate embryonic processes; during this period many congenital defects develop.	second phase
It is the process that initiates differentiation. It is an inducer (agent) that provides cells with the signal to enter the process. Each compartment of cells must be competent to respond.	induction process
A growth factor produced by one cell and acting on another.	paracrine regulation
The process of a cell that recaptures its own product is known as:	autocrine regulation
is the process by which an embryo develops into a fetus.	Embryogenesis
when an ovum and sperm meet	fertilization
results in the formation of a zygote	fertilization