level: Level 1 of SULFONAMIDES
Questions and Answers List
level questions: Level 1 of SULFONAMIDES
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1 systematically synthesized series of azo dyes, each containing sulfonamide functional group 2 Sulfonamide azo dyes were included in the test series because __ | 1 Fritz Mietzsch and Joseph Klarer from I.G. Farbenindustrie laboratories 2 readily synthesized, possessed superior staining properties. |
| studied the antimicrobial effect of Prontosil Dye "brilliant red Dye | Gerhard Domagk, In 1932 |
| 1 discovered the conversion of inactive prontosil dye into active Sulfanilamide "Lead compound or Prototype". 2 This finding was confirmed by isolating __ from blood & urine of patients treated with Prontosil. | 1 Jacques Tréfouel, In 1935 2 free sulfonamide |
| 1 Sulfonamides can be group into three classes on the basis of their use: | 1 - Oral absorbable agents (systemic distribution) - Oral nonabsorbable agents (Ex. sulfasalazine) - Topical agents (Ex. sulfacetamide ophthalmic drops) |
| 1 excellent alternatives for sulfonamides. | 1 Penicillins |
| 1 Antibacterial Sulfonamides denote 3 different cases: 2 Others drugs: | 1) 1 Non-aniline sulfonamides (Mafenide acetate) 2 Prodrugs giving active sulfanilamides (sulfasalazine) 3 Aniline-substituted sulfonamide (Sulfanilamides) 2 (tolbutamide, Furosemide, chlorthalidone) |
| Mechanism of action Sulfanilamides | 1 BACTERIOSTATIC 2 Competitive inhibitor to PABA for the enzyme dihydropteroate synthetase. |
| Adverse effects of sulfonamides therapy: | (1) Gastrointestinal distress. (2) Hemolytic anemia. (3) Hepatitis. (4) Stevens-Johnson Syndrome [severe skin eruption]. (5) Crystalluria. (6) Photosensitization (7) hemolytic anemia in G6PD deficient (8) Agranulocytosis and Aplastic Anemia |