| Why can't the DNA leave the nucleus? | it could get lost or damaged |
| Why can't the DNA leave the nucleus? | it could get lost or damaged |
| Why can't the DNA leave the nucleus? | it could get lost or damaged |
| Chromosomes description | thread like structures found in the nucleus that contain genetic information, they are made up of long coiled strands of DNA |
| genes description | sections of DNA containing coded instructions for making a specific protein, each chromosome contains multiple genes which can be seen as a band pattern in chromosomes which have been stained |
| What are the rungs of the DNA ladder? | DNA bases - it's the DNA bases that hold the genetic code |
| What are DNA bases? | chemical units which bond as complemetery base pairs to hold the double helix together |
| What is the backbone of DNA made of? | sugar phosphate backbone |
| base pair | small chemical units which make up DNA joined like rungs on a ladder |
| DNA | chemical which contains the genetic code |
| gene | unit of inheritance which controls a characteristic |
| chromosome | thread like structures found in the nucleus |
| nucleus | organelle in cells which contains genetic information |
| cell | basic unit of living things |
| organism | living being made of single or many cells |
| What are proteins? | long chains of amino acids folded into a specific shape |
| What are the building blocks of a protein? | amino acids |
| How many amino acids are there? | 20 |
| How is the order of amino acids determined? | by the DNA sequence |
| How are bases arranged? | in triplets |
| What does each triplet of base pairs code for? | a single amino acid |
| What holds amino acids together? | peptide bonds |
| What is mRNA? | a copy of the DNA sequence |
| What does mRNA do? | takes the copied instructions out of the nucleus and into the cytoplasm, it is 'read' by the ribosome which uses the code to make the protein from amino acids |
| What is mRNA a complementary copy of? | one of the DNA strands |
| How many molecules of DNA are there in a chromosome? | 1 |
| Why can't the DNA leave the nucleus? | it could get lost or damaged |
