| Polymers of ethylene oxide and water prepared to various chain lengths, molecular weights, and physical states
Hardness increases with an increase in the molecular weight.
Combinations of these polyethylene glycols may be combined by FUSION | Polyethylene glycols base (Macrogols) |
| 1 PEGs with a Molecular Weight of 300, 400 and 600 characteristics
2 PEGs Greater than 1000 Molecular Weight characteristics | 1 clear, colorless liquids.
2 waxlike solids whose hardness increases |
| Polyethylene glycol suppositories do not melt at body temperature but rather dissolve slowly in the body’s fluids. Therefore, the base need not be formulated to __ | melt at body temperature |
| Polyethylene glycol suppositories that do not contain at least 20% water should be dipped in water just before use to avoid irritation of the mucous membranes after insertion.
TRUE OR FALSE | TRUE |
| water soluble, block copolymers
Pluronics L44, L62, L64 and F68
no odor or taste | Poloxomers ( Pluronics)
ex.
Pluronic F68 - 6.0g
Pluronic L44 - 7.0 mL
Aspirin - 1.02g |
| 1 PEG Physical State | 1 AI may solid, liquid, or semi solid.
Solid: increase SA, enhance its activity
Liquid: take up the liquid into supp base forming an emulsion, adding drying powder, adding thickening agent when liquid is mixed with supp base.
Semi-solids: mixed with solid to thicken the drug prior to mixing with base or mixed base to which thickener is added |
| PARTICLE SIZE
1 PEG dissolve and migrate to rectal barrier.
2 diss. rate will be slower
VISCOSCITY
3 IF Base is low, add __ to ensure uniform dispersion
4 IF Base is high, release rate of drug is | 1 Highly water sol drugs
2 Poorly water sol drugs
3 Suspending agent (Silica gel)
4 SLOW |
| Solubility
To maintain homogeneity of total mixture, obtained by constant __ of mixture during processing and filling | agitation |
| 1 results when nonbase materials exceeds to 30%
Synthetic fat bases with high stearate concentration or those that are highly hydrogenated
2 Prevention of this
3 should not be placed in freezer | 1 Brittleness
2 Temperature of the mold should be close to temperature of melted base
3 Shock cooling |
| 1 The pharmacist pours hot melt into a mold and allows the melt to cool. During this cooling process, the melt has a tendency to __ | 1 contract in size
Pour a small amount of excess melt at the open end of the mold to allow for the slight contraction during cooling. |
| PREPARATION OF SUPPOSITORIES METHODS | 1 molding from a melt
2 hand rolling
3 shaping |
| PREPARATION BY MOLDING STEPS | (a) melting the base,
(b) incorporating any required medicaments,
(c) pouring the melt into molds,
(d) allowing the melt to cool and congeal into suppositories,
(e) removing the formed suppositories from the mold.
Mnemonics: MIPAR |
| 1 Cocoa butter, glycerinated gelatin, polyethylene glycol, and most other bases are suitable for preparation by __
2 pressing heavy aluminum foil about an object having the shape of desired supp, then removing the object and filling the shaped foil with the melt. | 1 molding.
2 Temporary molds |
| Molds in common use today are made from | 1 stainless steel
2 aluminum
3 brass
4 plastic
Mnemonics: Brush the Plastic Steel Aluminum |
| 1 Glass stirring rods:
2 Round pencils/pens
3 cone-shaped object | 1 urethral suppositories
2 rectal suppositories
3 vaginal suppositories |
