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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

Question	Answer
Which came first? The Theory of Acquired Traits or The Theory of Evolution?	acquired traits
What theory suggested that new physical traits can be acquired or lost during one's life through use/disuse and passed off to offspring	acquired traits
Punctuated equilibrium is a rapid evolutionary change followed by a long period of no change, whereas gradualism is, as the name implies, is a slower and more subtle change. These are both...	rates of evolution
Shell shape in tortoises vary even between...	islands
Trait variations caused of gene mutations, natural selection (survival of the fittest), reproductive inheritance, and population adaptation are the steps of what?	evolution process
What refers to the frequency of genetic variations in a population?	gene pool
Nature selects in favor of organisms with advantageous traits that increase their "fitness" (ability to survive and reproduce). These are called adaptations which can be physical or behavioral.	natural selection
Organism with the ability to reproduce and pass adaptive trait	reproductive inheritance
The frequency of organisms in the population with the adaptive trait will be higher in frequency of organisms with less advantageous traits	population adaptation
New species arise when organisms diversify away from a common ancestor by evolving and adapting to specialize in a new niche	speciation
Fossils, embryology, homologous structures, vestigial structures and behaviors are..	four pieces of evidence that suggest evolution
Relative dating and radioactive carbon isotope dating are two methods of dating what? (argue methods vary, can only be accurate and up to date as tech, timeline gaps, cannot know for sure if related or just similar)	fossils
Scientists theorize that the similarities organisms share as embryos suggests that all organisms evolved from one common ancestor (others argue that this is too early in development)	embryology
Similar bone structures without having to have similar functions. (they could have similar function but not required) (some don't see the connection when others argue common ancestors)	homologous structures
Theoretically leftover remnants of evolutionary common ancestors because they are not necessary for survival (debated because there could be a hidden purpose)	vestigial structures
Same function different structure	analogous structures
True or False: humans evolved from modern-day apes	false
Most of the evidence that supports evolution lacks the connection between what?	invertebrates and vertebrates
no offspring or sterile offspring, different times of maturity, different mating seasons, different mating behaviors are all what?	reproductive isolation barriers
If there is not enough genetic variation in a population, then there are no new potential adaptations to keep up with environmental changes, which can lead to what?	extinction